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Human Geography > DIVERSE PLACES! > Flashcards

DIVERSE PLACES! Flashcards

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1
Q

what have rural areas experienced?

A

more old people moving in
population decline
out migration since deindustrialisation

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2
Q

what is the total population estimate of the UK for 2018?

A

66.6 mil

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3
Q

population growth by region (UK):

A

strong growth in the south
some growth in the midlands
minimal growth in the north

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4
Q

ethnicity in rural UK:

A

more variable than gender
some rural areas have low levels of ethnic diversity
new immigrants usually go to cities

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5
Q

what is the word for the clustering of ethnic groups?

A

segregation

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6
Q

things that affect segregation:

A

estate agents
ethnically specific services in some areas
historical prejudice

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7
Q

what has prevented some ethnic groups from gaining high enough incomes to live in some areas?

A

historical prejudice in the jobs market

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8
Q

what is population growth and decline affected by?

A

fertility
mortality
migration

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9
Q

what does globalisation allow?

A

key characteristics/ products of a place to become known to other parts of the world eg. EU products like champagne, parma ham and Melton Mowbray pies

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10
Q

the Windrush Generation controversy:

A

after WW2 the UK government encourage Caribbean and Indian/Pakistani migration to the UK = the Windrush generation
many of the Windrush generation weren’t given official UK citizenship when they arrived in 1940s and 50s
in 2018 the UK government said that they would be deported even though they and their children have lived there for most of lives
government has now stated that they are entitled to remain in the UK

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11
Q

what is the name for the people that were encourage to migrate to the UK after WW2?

A

the Windrush generation

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12
Q

an example of a commuter town with good rail links into London:

A

Sevenoaks

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13
Q

which historic building plays a role in creating an atmosphere in Central London?

A

St. paul’s cathedral

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14
Q

3 groups who affect the perception of a place:

A

tourist boards
development agencies
advertising agencies

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15
Q

formal ways of affecting our perception of place:

A

Data
GIS
government representations

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16
Q

what do formal government representations offer?

A

rational perspectives of a place profile eg. numbers of people living in a place, their ages, gender and educational qualifications

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17
Q

where is described as the ‘Energy Capital of Europe’?

A

Aberdeen

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18
Q

what is the local election turnout lower than in most areas?

A

40%

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19
Q

why are there likely to be more job opportunities in places with attractive images?

A

companies are attracted there

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20
Q

6 factors that can affect attachment:

A 
gender
ethnicity
length of residence
memories
stage of life cycle
studentification
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21
Q

an example of an inner-city that is now seen as trendy and ‘hipster’:

A

London’s South Bank

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22
Q

perception of cities in the Victorian era:

A

unsanitary: lots of pollution, open sewers
dangerous: crime: prostitution, pickpockets

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23
Q

what caused the perception of cities to be threatening and dangerous in the Victorian era?

A

pollution

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24
Q

why are inner city areas favoured by students?

A

they are close to both university and entertainment venues

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25
job opportunities in London by area:
Old Street: media industries City of London: finance Westminster: political internships
26
what we’re the reactions of wealthy Victorians to the perception of cities as unsafe?
avoiding cities move to suburbs planning entirely new ‘model’ cities
27
why are suburban areas often favoured by young families?
schools tend to be better houses have gardens out of town retail parks are nearby
28
who are inner city areas favoured by?
young professionals
29
different rural places:
``` very remote (few people) more accessible (popular retirement locations) coastal (popular retirement locations) commuter villages (within 1hour drive of a city) ```
30
why are there limited social opportunities for children and young people and a feeling of isolation in rural areas?
because the population is ageing
31
what are some characteristics that rural places are perceived to have?
historic holdings cottage style housing tranquility picturesque landscapes
32
quantitative methods for surveying living spaces:
labour force surveys census data index of multiple deprivation
33
qualitative methods for evaluating living spaces:
interviews postcards written documents tv documentaries
34
who do the north to south post-deindustrialisation internal migrants in the UK tend to be?
young adults
35
recent immigration to the UK:
A8 migrants since 2004 Poles and Lithuanians Somalis (East Africa)
36
average age in different regions of the UK:
London: 34 Scotland, North East and North West: 40-41 South West: 42.9
37
benefits of migrants:
created economic opportunities teaches people to be tolerant and kind boosted population growth
38
present day situation for ethnic communities:
some have grown wealthier by setting up businesses 2nd and 3rd gen migrants have been UK educated some have become politicians to give a voice to their communities
39
conditions for poorer segregated migrants in the UK:
high unemployment large family size high rates of illness can’t speak English yet
40
cultural stamps:
``` different places of worship shops selling specific ingredients traditional dress shops festivals authentic restaurants ```
41
situation for migrants:
original migrants experienced hostility still some hostility eg. from EDL there were 41 MPs from ethnic minorities in 2015
42
ethnic groups growing wealthier:
setting up businesses doing managerial jobs children educated in UK system
43
how have some people violently resisted regeneration schemes?
rioting
44
hate crimes between 2011/12 and 2016/17:
111% increase in sexual orientation related hate crime 218% increase in disability related hate crime 299% increase in transgender related hate crime
45
what is hate crime?
a crime motivated wholly or in part by the victim’s membership (or assumed membership) of a racial group, religious group, sexual orientation, disability or transgender identity
46
what is “white flight”?
phrase used by some to describe the movement of an existing population from an area due to the overwhelming presence of an incoming ethnic group
47
features of inner-city property:
often in high demand private developers will pay lots for it local residents are not consulted properly
48
what do those in favour of regeneration schemes argue?
that they will create jobs, improve the urban environment and improve the reputation of the area
49
who are the EDL?
English Defence League
50
how many asylum seekers were in Glasgow in 2017?
over 3100
51
employment and income levels show that:
young educated internal migrants are doing well some international migrants that are skilled professionals are doing well service industries have high migrant employment
52
what does social progress mean?
the collective term for improvements to quality of life, health and welfare
53
how can assimilation of different cultures be measured?
levels of political engagement through voter turnout development of local community groups reductions in hate crime and racism
54
what is IMD data?
Index of Multiple Deprivation
55
what is cultural assimilation?
the process whereby the culture of one group gradually begins to resemble that of another group. new immigrant groups slowly become more similar to the society they have moved into
56
types of stakeholder:
provider stakeholders user/beneficiary stakeholders manager stakeholders influencer stakeholders
57
what is vested interest?
the interest a stakeholder may have if it’s based on their own personal objectives and perceptions
58
challenges in rural areas:
housing shortage excessive tourism modern infrastructure access
59
what is a provider stakeholder?
the owners of the land/area being changed and the people who will do the change
60
categories of stakeholders:
directly affected and indirectly affected by change
61
what is a key industry in many rural areas?
tourism
62
17th Century Brick Lane:
popular location for breweries lots of french huguenots moved in became well known for weaving and tailoring industries
63
evidence of migration on Brick Lane:
Huguenot church Muslim mosque Jewish synagogue Methodist chapel
64
early 20th C migration to Brick Lane:
Irish and Jewish
65
Spitalfields and Banglatown (2011):
12,578 people lots aged 20-40 46.1% female 145 people per hectare
66
what is the dominant religion in the Spitalfields and Banglatown Ward?
Islam
67
anti-gentrification moves in the Tower Hamlet area:
protests took place in and around Spitalfields in september 2015 series of letters written to Guardian newspaper
68
activities in Sturton-le-Steeple:
farming on fertile soils and good pasture tourism for Americans commuter and retirement community archeological sites
69
people in Sturton le Steeple:
commuters retired people archaeologists american tourists

Human Geography (5 decks)

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