Diuretics Mnemonics Flashcards
What does the mnemonic ‘COLT-K’ represent in the classification of diuretics?
C – Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (Acetazolamide)
O – Osmotic diuretics (Mannitol)
L – Loop diuretics (Furosemide)
T – Thiazides (HCTZ)
K – K⁺-sparing (Spironolactone, Amiloride)
This mnemonic helps categorize diuretics based on their mechanisms and types.
Which sites of action are covered by the mnemonic ‘Please Let The Kids Collect’?
P – Proximal tubule
L – Loop of Henle
T – Thiazides
K – K⁺-sparing
This mnemonic indicates the specific locations in the nephron where different diuretics exert their effects.
What is the mnemonic for loop diuretics?
B-FET: B – Bumetanide
F – Furosemide
E – Ethacrynic acid
T – Torsemide
This mnemonic helps remember the primary loop diuretics.
What is the mechanism of action for loop diuretics as summarized by the phrase ‘No K, No Cl, Just Na’?
Blocks Na/K/2Cl cotransporter in thick ascending limb.
This mechanism explains how loop diuretics promote diuresis by preventing sodium reabsorption.
What does the mnemonic ‘CHIMe’ refer to in thiazide diuretics?
C – Chlorothiazide
H – HCTZ
I – Indapamide
M – Metolazone
Chlorthalidone
This mnemonic lists the common thiazide diuretics.
What key feature is associated with thiazide diuretics, summarized as ‘Thiazides Thicken Bones’?
Cause hypercalcemia (↓ Ca²⁺ excretion).
Thiazides can lead to increased calcium levels in the blood, which is important in patient management.
What does the mnemonic ‘SATE’ stand for in K⁺-sparing diuretics?
S – Spironolactone
A – Amiloride
T – Triamterene
E – Eplerenone/Finerenone
This mnemonic helps identify the main K⁺-sparing diuretics.
What is the mechanism of action for K⁺-sparing diuretics summarized as ‘Spironolactone Stops Aldosterone’?
MR antagonist.
This indicates that spironolactone works by blocking the effects of aldosterone in the kidneys.
What electrolyte disturbances are associated with loop diuretics as summarized by ‘Loops Lose Everything’?
HypoNa⁺, HypoK⁺, HypoMg²⁺, HypoCa²⁺ (but ↑ urine Ca²⁺).
This highlights the potential adverse effects on electrolyte balance when using loop diuretics.
What metabolic effects are caused by thiazides and loops summarized by ‘H²O → High Glucose, Uric Acid, Lipids’?
Hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, hyperlipidemia.
Understanding these side effects is crucial for managing patients on diuretics.
What are the clinical uses of diuretics summarized by the mnemonic ‘FAN CLUB’?
F – Failure (CHF)
A – Ascites
N – Nephrotic syndrome
C – Cerebral edema
L – Lung edema
U – Uric stones
B – BP (HTN)
This mnemonic helps recall the various conditions where diuretics are effectively used.
What does the mnemonic ‘RAAS the Roof’ signify in diuretics?
Tolerance due to Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone-System activation.
This concept explains why some patients may experience reduced effectiveness of diuretics over time.
What does the mnemonic ‘SCRAM’ suggest for fixing diuretic tolerance?
S – Salt restriction
C – Combination diuretics
R – Repeat doses
A – Avoid abrupt stop
M – Monitor electrolytes
These strategies can help manage tolerance to diuretics.
What are the newer agents in diuretics represented by ‘DANCE’?
D – Dapagliflozin
A – Acanagliflozin
N – Nephroprotective
C – Cardioprotective
E – Empagliflozin
This mnemonic outlines newer classes of diuretics that have additional protective benefits.
What is the significance of the urinary Na⁺/K⁺ ratio summarized by ‘NaK Attack’?
Na⁺/K⁺ > 1: Loop/thiazide working
Na⁺/K⁺ < 1: Add K⁺-sparing diuretic
This ratio helps assess the effectiveness of diuretics and guide treatment adjustments.
What does the mnemonic ‘THIACIDE’ indicate regarding thiazide-induced hyponatremia?
T – Thiazide-induced
H – Hyponatremia
I – Intracranial pressure? No!
A – Acute pulmonary congestion
D – Diuretic (Furosemide IV) + E – Evaluate volume status
This mnemonic aids in diagnosing and managing thiazide-related complications.
