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RUVM Pharmacology > Diuretics > Flashcards

Diuretics Flashcards

1
Q

Classes of Diuretics

A 
Osmotic
Loop
Thiazide 
Potassium sparing
Carbonic Anyhydrase Inhibitor
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2
Q

Main use of diurectics

A

Tx edema

Na excretion

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3
Q

Osmotic diurectic

A

Mannitol

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4
Q

MOA osmotic diurectic

A

Filtered by glomerules –> poorly absorbed –> increase water loss

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5
Q

Admin of Mannitol

A

IV only

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6
Q

Mannitol classify

A

Osmotic diuretic

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7
Q

What typ eof patient recieves mannitol

A

euhydrated patients!!! only

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8
Q

What is mannitol used to tx

A

TOC: cerebral edema

Tx glucoma

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9
Q

What drug is a loop diurectic

A

Furosemide

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10
Q

Where do loop diurectics function

A

Thick ascending loop of henle

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11
Q

What is the most effiecent diurectic

A

Loop –> FUROSEMIDE

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12
Q

What do loop diurectics inhibit

A

NaCl symporter

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13
Q

Loop diurectic MOA

A

Inhibit Na/K/Cl cotransporter at thick ascending loop of henle –> inhibits reabsorption of Ca & Mg–> Increases K & H+ loss

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14
Q

Furosemide MOA

A

Inhibit Na/K/Cl cotransporter at thick ascending loop of henle –> inhibits reabsorption of Ca & Mg–> Increases K & H+ loss

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15
Q

Furosemide & Ca

A

results in hypocalemia

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16
Q

Furosemide DOC

A

DOC: cardiogenic pulmonary edema due to CHF

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17
Q

Furosemide uses

A

DOC: cardiogenic pulmonary edema due to CHF

TX severe hypercalemia

TX exercise induced pulmonary bleeding in horses!

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18
Q

Cautions with Furosemide

A

hypocalemia
systemic metabolic alkalosis
most potent
cats are sensitive … shocker

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19
Q

Furosemide onset & duration

A

Rapid onset

short duration

20
Q

What drug is an Thiazide diurectic

A

Hydrocholorthiazide

21
Q

MOA of Thiazide

A

Inhibition of NaCl sympoter on early DCT & CD

Increase absorption to Ca

Results in hypokalemia & systemic alkalosis

22
Q

Classify Hydrocholorthiazide

A

Thiazide Diurectic

23
Q

Where does Hydrocholorthiazide act

A

Early DCT & CD

24
Q

Hydrocholorthiazide uses?

A

Adjunct cardiogenic pulmonary edema due to CHF
TX hypertension
TX nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
TX Ca Nephrolithiasis

25
Q

What Diurectic can help nephrogenic diabetes insipdus

A

Hydrochlorothiazide

26
Q

What diurectic can tx hypertension

A

Hydrochlorothiazide

27
Q

What diurectic can tx Ca nephrolitastsis

A

Hydrochlorothiazide

28
Q

Do not use Hydrochlorothiazide in paitent with

A

Pre-existing hypercalemia

29
Q

How is Furosemide different than Hydrochlorothiazide regarding Ca

A

Hydrochlorothiazide –> increases Ca but does not result in hypercalemia

Furosemide –> tx of hypercalemia

30
Q

What is the end result of hydrochlorothiazide

A

hypokalemia

systemic alkalosis

31
Q

What is the potassium sparing diurectic

A

Spironolactone

32
Q

MOA of Potassium sparing diurectics

A

Competitive antagonism of Aldosterone in

late DCT & CD

Retention of K & H

33
Q

Spironolactone MOA

A

Competitive antagonism of Aldosterone in

late DCT & CD

Retention of K & H

34
Q

Spironolactone uses

A

Tx hyperaldosteronism

Adjucant diuretic of edema or ascites

35
Q

What diurectic can help with hyperaldosteonism

A

Spironolactone

36
Q

Cautions of Spironolactone

A

Hyperkalemia

systemic acidosis

37
Q

What diurectic is an Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor

A

Acetazolamide

38
Q

MOA of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor

A

Reversible inhibition of carbonic anhydrase in PCT & CD

39
Q

Where does Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors act

A

PCT & CD

40
Q

Main function of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors

A

Decrease intra-ocular pressure

41
Q

MOA of Acetazolamide

A

Reversible inhibition of carbonic anhydrase in PCT & CD

42
Q

Where does Acetazolamide act on

A

PCT & CD

43
Q

Acetazolamide is used to treat

A

Tx of open angle gluacoma

44
Q

What diurectic is used when a patient developes toleacne to Furosemide

A

Acetazolamide

45
Q

Functions of Acetazolamide

A

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor diurectic
Adjunct with patient has tolerance to loop diurectics

TX open-angle gluacoma

46
Q

What diuretic is used to treat open angle glaucoma

A

Acetazolamide
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor diuretic
decreases intra ocular pressure

RUVM Pharmacology (5 decks)

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