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RUVM Pharmacology > CV 1 > Flashcards

CV 1 Flashcards

Cardiac Stimulants CHF TX

1
Q

Cardiovascular Stimulatnt

A

Aminophylline / Theophylline
Glucagon
Calcium salts

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2
Q

Classify Aminophylline / Theophylline

A

Methylxanthine Cardiac stimulant

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3
Q

MOA Aminophylline / Theophylline

A

Phosphodiesterase inhibiton –> increase cardiac contractility

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4
Q

Aminophylline / Theophylline main use

A

Bronchodilation

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5
Q

Aminophylline / Theophylline other uses

A

Main use: Bronchodilation

Diuresis

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6
Q

Aminophylline / Theophylline caution

A

Hypertension

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7
Q

Glucagon & CV?

A

Cardiac Stimulant

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8
Q

Glucagon MOA

A

Positive chronotropy & inotropy

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9
Q

Glucagon DOC?

A

DOC: Ca Channel blocker toxicity

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10
Q

Calcium salts & CV?

A

Cardiac stimulant

cardioprotective

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11
Q

Calcium Salts TOC?

A

TOC: emergency tx of hyperkalemia

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12
Q

What type of drugs are used to treat CHF

A

Positive Inotropes

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13
Q

What do we want to decreased when treatment CFH

A

Want to decresed compensatory sympathetic tone

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14
Q

List the drugs that can aid in the treatment of CHF

A

Digoxin (digitalise Glycoside)
Dobutamine (Beta 1 agonist)
Pimobendan (Inodilator Positive inotrope & vasodialtion

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15
Q

What drug is a digitalis glycoside used to treat CHF

A

Digoxin

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16
Q

MOA of Digoxin

A

Inhibits Na/K/ATPase

Positive inotrope

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17
Q

Digoxin is the TOC for

A

Atrial Fibrillation or flutter

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18
Q

Digoxin

A 
Digitalis Glycoside
Inhibits Na/K/ATPase 
Positive inotrope
TOC: atrial fibrillation or flutter
Adverse --> GI signs 
Narrow safety margin --> can be toxic
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19
Q

What drug is used to tx atrial fibrillation

A

Digoxin

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20
Q

What is the number 1 adverse affects we should worry about with Digoxin

A

GI signs

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21
Q

How is the safety margin of Digoxin

A

Narrow –> careful of toxicity

long half life does not help

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22
Q

How does Digoxin help CHF

A

Increased mechanical efficency of failing heart
Potent positive ionotrope
Negative chronotroe
Negative dromotropy

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23
Q

What does negative chronotrope mean?

A

makes the heart beat slower

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24
Q

What does positive iontrope mean?

A

Makes the heart beat harder aka more effiecent

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25
Q

What drug is a negative chronotrope & a positive inotrope?

A

Digoxin

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26
Q

What bea 1 agonist can help CHF

A

Dobutamine

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27
Q

How common is beta 1 agonist used for CHF aka Dobutamine

A

Not common

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28
Q

What is dobutamine used for with CHF

A

Beta 1 agonist

catecholamine used for severe CHF due to mycardial failure

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29
Q

What drug is used as a catecholamine for CHF due to myocardial failure

A

Dobutamine

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30
Q

What is the MOA of Dobutamine

A

Beta 1 agonist

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31
Q

What is the inodilator drug used to aid CFH

A

Pimobendan

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32
Q

Pimobendan MOA

A

Inodilator drug aka
positive iontrope
vasodilation

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33
Q

What is the mechanism of Pimobendan positve inotrophic effects?

A

sesitize myocardail contractile apparatus to Ca

Allows for positive inotrophic effects

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34
Q

What is the mechanism of Pimobendan vasodialtion

A

phosphodiesterase III inhibitor

Allows for vasodilation

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35
Q

What is the TOC for CHF

A

Pimobendan

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36
Q

TOC for dilation cardiomyopathy & myxomatous mitral valvuar disease

A

Pimodendan

37
Q

TOC for myxomatous mitral valvuar disease

A

Pimodeban

38
Q

TOC: dilation cardiomyopathy

A

Pimodeban

39
Q

Cautions with Pimodendan

A

GI signs

40
Q

Pimodendan contraindcation with

A

Aortic stenosis

Poor cardiac output

41
Q

How does Pimodendan affect cardiac preoload & after load

A

Reduction of cardiac proload & afterload via Pimodendan

42
Q

Since Pimodendan is a positive iontrope by sensitizing myocardial fibers to Ca….how does this affect iCa

A

DOES NOT INCREASE ICA

43
Q

How is Pimodedan excreted?

A

Feces

44
Q

What does it mean to be an anticoagulant

A

inhibit formation of blood clots

45
Q

What are the anticoagulants

A

Heparin Sodium
Dalteparin (Low Molecular weight Heparins)
Enoxaprin
Warfarin Sodium

46
Q

What anticoagulant prevents the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

A

Heparin Sodium

47
Q

If you use Heparin Sodium… do you need to monitor?

A

Yes, monitor with PTT

48
Q

What anticogaulent tx thromboembolic dz

A

Dalteparin

Enoxaparin

49
Q

Long term thromboembolic dz

A

Warfin Sodium

50
Q

MOA of Dalteparin

A

Binds antithrombin 3 –> inactivating Xa

51
Q

MOA Enoxaprin

A

Binds antithrombin 3 –> inactivating Xa

52
Q

How does Dalteparin impact the PTT

A

it doesnt!!!

53
Q

How does Enoxaprin impact the PTT

A

it doesnt!!!

54
Q

How does Heparin Sodium impact the PTT

A

Prolonged!!! need to monitor

55
Q

What is an indirect anticoagulant

A

Warfarin Sodium

56
Q

MOA of Warfarin Sodium

A

Inhibit enzyme VItamin K epoxide reductase interfering with coag factor synthesis X, IX, VII, II

57
Q

What do hemostatic agents do?

A

support blood clotting …. prescribe for bleeding disorders

that would suck to have one…damn

58
Q

DOC for bleeding disorder with Vit K def

A

Vitamin K1.

duhhhh

59
Q

Vitamin K1 MOA

A

Needed for synthesis for vit K depednent coag factors so blood clotting can occur

60
Q

Vitamin K1 is used to treat

A

VItamin K dependent bleeding disorders

61
Q

DOC for heparin overdose?

A

Protamine Sulfate

Ouch

62
Q

Protamine Sulfate MOA

A

Complex with heparin to inactive it

63
Q

Protamine sulfate is used to tx

A

DOC for hemorrage secondary to heparin overdose

64
Q

What is the antifibrinolytic hemostatic agent?

A

Aminocaproic acid

65
Q

Which hemostatic agent inhibits fibrinolysis

A

Aminocaproic acid

66
Q

TX hyerfibrinlysis

A

Aminocaproic acid

67
Q

Aminocaproic Acid

A

Antifibrinolytic
MOA: inhibits fibrinolysis
TX hyperfibrinolysis

68
Q

What hemostatic agent is also a hormonal agent

A

Desmopressin Acetate

69
Q

What are the hemostatic agents

A

Vitamin K1
Protamine Sulfate
Aminnocaproic Acid
Desmopressin Acetate

70
Q

What hemostatic agent supports primary hemostatsis

A

Desmopressin acetate

71
Q

DOC for vonWillebrand’s Disease

A

Desmopressin Acetate

72
Q

DOC for central disbetes insipidus

A

Desmopressin acetate

73
Q

MOA for desmopressin

A

Supports primary hemostasis by PLT function

dose dependent increase in plasma factor VIII & plasminogen factor

74
Q

Desmopresin tx

A

DOC vonwillebrand disease

DOC Central diabetes insipidus

75
Q

What is the funtion of an antithombic agent

A

inhibits platlet aggregation aka blood thinner

76
Q

What are the antithrombic agents

A

Asprin

Clopidogrel bisulfate

77
Q

MOA of asprin

A

reduces PLT clumping via

inhibiting synthesis of thromboxane A2

78
Q

Cats & asprin

A

rather not moment

Long half life

79
Q

What antithombic agent works by inhibiting synthesis of thromboxane A2

A

Asprin

80
Q

What antithrombic agent works by inhibiting ADP recptors on PLT

A

Clopidogrel Bisulfate

that doesnt even look like a real word wtf

81
Q

Clopidogrel Bisulfate MOA

A

reduces PLT clumping via inhibiting ADP receptor on PLT

82
Q

What antithrombitc agent would be okay if an animal was on an NSAID

A

Clopidogrel bisulfate

83
Q

What does a thrombolytic agent do

A

breaks down all blood clots in body

pretty risky … hemorrhage

84
Q

What are the thmbolytic agents

A

Streptokinase
Urokinase
Tissue plasmingen activator (t-PA)

85
Q

MOA of thrombolytic agents

A

Activates plasminogen breakdown of pre-existing clots

86
Q

MOA of Streptokinase

A

Activates plasminogen breakdown of pre-existing clots

87
Q

MOA or Urokinase

A

Activates plasminogen breakdown of pre-existing clots

88
Q

MOA of Tissue PLasminogen Activator

A

Activates plasminogen breakdown of pre-existing clots

RUVM Pharmacology (5 decks)

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