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CRP > Diuretics > Flashcards

Diuretics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?

A

Acetazolamide, Mannitol

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2
Q

What are the loop diuretics?

A

Furosemide

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3
Q

What are the thiazides?

A

Hydrochlorothiazide

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4
Q

What are the K Sparing Diuretics?

A

Spironolactone, Amiloride-Triamterene

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5
Q

What are the ADH Receptor Antagonists

A

Conivaptan, Demeclocycline

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6
Q

What is the MOA of Acetazolamide?

A

Inhibit carbonic anhydrase in PCT, inhibiting bicarbonate dehydration > H2O and CO2

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7
Q

When would you use Acetazolamide?

A

Glaucoma, metabolic alkalosis

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8
Q

What are the side effects of Acetazolamide?

A

Nausea, vomiting, CNS depression, paresthesia, teratogenic; may cause blood acidosis

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9
Q

What is the MOA of Mannitol?

A

Osmotic diuretic in PCT/DL; extracts intracellular water

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10
Q

When would you use Mannitol?

A

Cerebral edema

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11
Q

What are the side effects of Mannitol?

A

Hypernatremia, hyperkalemia, volume depletion; may cause fluid overload in CHF

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12
Q

What is the MOA of Furosemide?

A

Inhibits Na/K/2Cl carrier; increases excretion of Na, L, Cl, Ca, Mg, H2O

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13
Q

What are the side effects of Furosemide?

A

H’s: hyponatremia, hypotension, hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, hypochloremic alkalosis, hyperuricemia, hyperglycemia; potential ototoxicity

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14
Q

When would you use Furosemide?

A

Acute CHF/Pulm edema, renal failure, hypercalcemia

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15
Q

What is the MOA of Hydrochlorothiazide?

A

Inhibits Na/Cl cotransporter; increases excretion of Na, K, Cl, Mg, H2O; PTH reabsorbs Ca from DT

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16
Q

When would you use Hydrochlorothiazide?

A

Edema, hypertension, CHF, renal failure

17
Q

What are the side effects of Hydrochlorothiazide?

A

H’s: hyponatremia, hypotension, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hypochloremic alkalosis, hyperuricemia, hyperglycemia; increased LDL

18
Q

What is the MOA of Spironolactone?

A

Competitive antagonist of aldosterone, loss of Na, H2O and retention of K

19
Q

When would you use Spironolactone?

A

Conn’s, Secondary Aldosteronism from CHF, cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome

20
Q

What are the side effects of Spironolactone?

A

Nausea, ulcers, drowsiness, hyperkalemia, antiandronergic

21
Q

What is the MOA of Amiloride-Tiamterene?

A

Blocks luminal Na channels

22
Q

When would you use Amiloride-Tiamterene?

A

With other diuretics to prevent hypokalemia

23
Q

What are the side effects of Amiloride-Tiamterene?

A

NVD, rash, headache, hyperkalemia

24
Q

What is the MOA of Conivaptan?

A

ADH receptor blocker, decreases water reabsorption by inhibiting ADH V2 receptor

25
Q

When would you use Conivaptan?

A

SIADH, hypothyroidism, adrenal insufficiency

26
Q

What are the side effects of Conivaptan?

A

Hypokalemia, IV injection rxns

27
Q

What is the MOA of Demeclocycline?

A

Antagonizes ADH by inhibiting cAMP concentration; good PO

28
Q

When would you use Demeclocycline?

A

SIADH

29
Q

What are the side effects of Demeclocycline?

A

Diabetes insipidus, renal failure, photosensitivity under 12 y/o

CRP (10 decks)

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