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Adrenergics-OLD Flashcards

1
Q

What are the alpha agonists?

A

Norepinephrine, Phenylepherine, Methoxamine, Metaraminal, Phenylpropanolamine, Pseudoephendrine

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2
Q

What is the function of Norepinephrine?

A

Pressor. Increases TPR, systolic BP, diastolic BP, and mean BP. No change in HR

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3
Q

What is the function of Phenylephrine?

A

Pressor, decongestant, mydriatic

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4
Q

What is the function of Methoxamine?

A

Pressor

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5
Q

What is the function of Metaraminal?

A

Pressor; acts on Alpha-1, stimulates release of NE

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6
Q

What is the function of Phenylpropanolamine?

A

Decongestant

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7
Q

When would you use Norepinephrine?

A

For Hypotension

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8
Q

What are the side effects of the alpha adrenergics?

A

Anxiety, respiratory difficulty, forceful heartbeat, headache, hypertension, infiltration necrosis (IV), rebound nasal congestion

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9
Q

What are the alpha-2 agonist adrenergic drugs?

A

Clonidine

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10
Q

What is the function of Clonidine?

A

Induces hypotension, sedation, bradycardia; decreases sympathetics

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11
Q

What are the specific beta agonist adrenergic drugs?

A

Isoproterenol, Dobutamine

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12
Q

What are the functions of Isoproterenol?

A

Relaxes smooth muscle, vasodilates skeletal muscle, increases CO

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13
Q

What are the functions of Dobutamine?

A

Increases CO and SV without changing BP

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14
Q

When would you use Dobutamine?

A

Short-term treatment of cardiac decompression

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15
Q

What are the side effects of the specific beta agonist adrenergics?

A

Tachycardia

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16
Q

What are the specific beta-2 agonist adrenergic drugs?

A

Isoetharine, Metaproterenol, Terbutaline, Albuterol, Bitolterol

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17
Q

What are the side effects of the specific beta-2 agonist adrenergics?

A

Skeletal muscle tremor, hyperglycemia

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18
Q

What are the specific agonists?

A

Epinephrine, Dopamine, Ephedrine

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19
Q

What are the functions of Epinephrine?

A

Low dose: beta agonist, high dose: alpha and beta agonist

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20
Q

When would you use epinephrine?

A

To relieve bronchospasm, prolong local anesthetic

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21
Q

What are the functions of dopamine?

A

Low dose vasodilator, medium dose beta-1, high dose alpha-1

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22
Q

What are the functions of ephedrine?

A

Increases HR, CO, TPR, BP, bronchodilation

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23
Q

When would you use ephedrine?

A

Asthma, nasal congestion

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24
Q

What are the alpha blockers?

A

Phenoxybenzamine, Phentolamine

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25
Q

What are the functions of Phenoxybenzamine?

A

Decrease TPR, BP. Increase HR, CO, NE release

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26
Q

What are the functions of Phentolamine?

A

Decrease TPR, BP. Increase HR, CO, NE release

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27
Q

When would you use Phentolamine?

A

Short term control of hypertension in pheochromocytoma

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28
Q

What are the side effects of Phenoxybenzamine?

A

Postural hypotension, tachycardia, no sperm, no ejaculation

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29
Q

What are the side effects of Phentolamine?

A

Hypotension, tachycardia

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30
Q

What are the alpha-1 blockers?

A

Prazosin, Terazosin

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31
Q

What are the functions of Prazosin?

A

Decrease TPR, VR, BP, Preload

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32
Q

When would you use Prazosin?

A

Hypertension; Doxazosin is a longer-HL analog

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33
Q

What are the side effects of Prazosin?

A

Postural hypotension (maybe syncope), developed tolerance

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34
Q

How is Terazosin different from Prazosin?

A

Less potent, more specific, more water soluble, more BA, longer HL, than Prazosin

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35
Q

What are the Alpha-2 blockers?

A

Yohimbine

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36
Q

What are the functions of Yohimbine?

A

Increased BP, HR

37
Q

When would you use Yohimbine?

A

Psychogenic impotence

38
Q

What are the side effects of Yohimbine?

A

Enhances motor activity, produces tremor

39
Q

What are the beta blockers?

A

Propranolol, Timolol, Nadolol, Pindolol, Cartelol, Penbutolol

40
Q

What are the functions of Propranolol?

A

Decreases HR, contractility, CO, BP; prototype, membrane stabilizing effect, no sympathomimetic activity

41
Q

When would you use Propranolol?

A

Decrease workload on heart, increase O2 supply by increasing cardiac efficiency

42
Q

What are the side effects of Propranolol?

A

CHF, Bradyarrhythmia, bronchoconstriction, fatigue

43
Q

What are the functions of Timolol?

A

Decrease HR, contractility, CO, BP; short acting, potent, no MS/IS activity

44
Q

When would you use Timolol?

A

Decrease workload on heart, increase O2 supply by increasing cardiac efficiency

45
Q

What are the side effects of Timolol?

A

CHF, Bradyarrhythmia, bronchoconstriction, fatigue

46
Q

What are the functions of Nadolol?

A

Decrease HR, contractility, CO, BP; longer acting than propranolol, no MS/IS

47
Q

When would you use Nadolol?

A

Decrease workload on heart, increase O2 supply by increasing cardiac efficiency

48
Q

What are the side effects of Nadolol?

A

CHF, Bradyarrhythmia, bronchoconstriction, fatigue

49
Q

What are the functions of Pindolol?

A

Decrease HR, contractility, CO, BP; MS and IS activity

50
Q

When would you use Pindolol?

A

Decrease workload on heart, increase O2 supply by increasing cardiac efficiency

51
Q

What are the side effects of Pindolol?

A

CHF, Bradyarrhythmia, bronchoconstriction, fatigue

52
Q

What are the functions of Carteolol?

A

Decrease HR, contractility, CO, BP; IS activity

53
Q

When would you use Carteolol?

A

Decrease workload on heart, increase O2 supply by increasing cardiac efficiency

54
Q

What are the side effects of Carteolol?

A

CHF, bradyarrhythmia, bronchoconstriction, fatigue

55
Q

What are the functions of Penbutolol?

A

Decrease HR, contractility, CO, BP

56
Q

When would you use Penbutolol?

A

Decrease workload on heart, increase O2 supply by increasing cardiac efficiency

57
Q

What are the side effects of Penbutolol?

A

CHF, Bradyarrhythmia, bronchoconstriction, fatigue

58
Q

What are the Beta-1 blockers?

A

Metoprolol, Atenolol, Acebutolol, Esmolol

59
Q

What are the side effects of Metoprolol?

A

CHF, Bradyarrhythmia, bronchoconstriction, fatigue

60
Q

What are the side effects of Atenolol?

A

CHF, bradyarrhythmia, bronchoconstriction, fatigue

61
Q

What are the side effects of Acebutolol?

A

CHF, bradyarrhythmia, broncoconstriction, fatigue

62
Q

What are the side effects of Esmolol?

A

CHF, Bradyarrhythmia, broncoconstriction, fatigue

63
Q

What is the function of Metoprolol?

A

Affects heart while leaving bronchial tree alone. MS Activity

64
Q

What is the function of Atenolol?

A

No MS/IS activity

65
Q

What is the function of Acebutolol?

A

MS and IS activity

66
Q

What is the function of Esmolol?

A

No MS/IS activity

67
Q

What is the MOA of Labetalol?

A

Both betas and alpha -1

68
Q

When would you use Labetalol?

A

Decrease BP

69
Q

What are the NT Metabolism drugs?

A

Resperine, Guanethidine, Bretylium, Methyldopa, Tyramine

70
Q

What is the MOA of Resperine?

A

Blocks transport of catecholamines into storage vesicles, MAO metabolizes catecholamines

71
Q

When would you use Resperine?

A

Decrease BP

72
Q

What are the side effects of Resperine?

A

Sedation, lack of concentration, depression

73
Q

What is the MOA of Guanethidine?

A

Inhibits NE release

74
Q

When would you use Guanethidine?

A

Decrease BP

75
Q

What are the side effects of Guanethidine?

A

Sedation, lack of concentration, depression

76
Q

What is the MOA of Bretylium?

A

Inhibits NE release

77
Q

When would you use Bretylium?

A

Antiarrhythmic

78
Q

What is the MOA of Methyldopa?

A

“false” NT, makes fake NE

79
Q

When would you use Methyldopa?

A

Decrease BP

80
Q

What are the side effects of Methyldopa?

A

Sedation, hypotension, anemia, leukopenia, hepatitis (?)

81
Q

What is the MOA of Tyramine?

A

Displaces NT from axonal terminal

82
Q

What are the Irreversible MAO inhibitors?

A

Parglyine, Tranylcypromine, Phenelzine

83
Q

When would you use Parglyine?

A

Antidepressant, anti-Parkinson

84
Q

What are the side effects of Parglyine?

A

Hypotension, weight gain, sexual dysfunction, insomnia, pedal edema

85
Q

When would you use Tranylcypromine?

A

Antidepressant, anti-Parkinson

86
Q

What are the side effects of Tranylcypromine?

A

Hypotension, weight gain, sexual dysfunction, insomnia, pedal edema

87
Q

When would you use Phenelzine?

A

Antidepressant, anti-Parkinson

88
Q

What are the side effects of Phenelzine?

A

Hypotension, weight gain, sexual dysfunction, insomnia, pedal edema

CRP (10 decks)

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