Diuretics

Question 1

Diuretic used as prophylactic for mountain sickness and glaucoma

Answer 1

Acetazolamide

Question 2

SE of acetazolamide

Answer 2

Paresthesias, alkalinization of the urine (which may ppt. Ca salts), hypokalemia, metabolid acidosis, and encephalopathy in patients with hepatic impariment

Question 3

Site of action of loop diuretics

Answer 3

Thick ascending limb

Question 4

SE of loop diuretics (furosemide)

Answer 4

Hyperuricemia, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, and ototoxicity

Question 5

An electrolyte that is lost in the urine by acute treatment with loop diuretics but can be retained by thiazide

Answer 5

Calcium

Question 6

Site of action of thiazide diuretics

Answer 6

Early distal convoluted tubule

Question 7

SE of thiazide (HCTZ) diuretics

Answer 7

Hyperuricemia, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia

Question 8

MoA of amiloride

Answer 8

Inhibit epithelial sodium channels in the distal convoluted tubules and collecting duct

Question 9

Diuretic used to treat primary aldosteronism

Answer 9

Spironolactone, eplerenone

Question 10

SE of spironolactone

Answer 10

Gynecomastia, hyperkalemia, and impotence

Question 11

Diuretic used to reduce intracranial pressure

Answer 11

Mannitol