Diuretics

Question 1

Furosemide

Answer 1

Loop diuretic
MOA = blocks Na+/K+/2CL- cotransporter in the ascending LoH
AE = hypoK+, ototoxicity

Question 2

Hydrochlorothiazide

Answer 2

Thiazide diuretic (FIRST LINE)
MOA = blocks NaCl, K+ reabsorption in early DCT
cannot be effective if GFR is too low
AE = hypoK+

Question 3

Spironolactone

Answer 3

K+ sparing diuretic
MOA = blocks aldosterone at the late DCT
AE = hyperK+

Question 4

Mannitol

Answer 4

Osmotic diuretics
MOA = sugar that is filtered at glomerulus (PCT) and isn’t reabsorbed, creating osmotic gradient that pulls water into the filtrate
AE = edema