Dissection 5/6 Flashcards
What type of joint is the knee joint?
Synovial hinge joint
What are the 3 articulations of the knee joint?
2 between femur and tibia
1 between femur and patella
What muscles and nerves are involved in flexion & extension of the knee joint?
Flexion = Hamstrings & Gastrocnemius. Tibial & common fibular nerve Extension = Quadriceps. Femoral nerve
What muscles and nerve are involved in medial and lateral rotation?
Medial = Hamstrings & Gracilis. Tibial & Obturator nerves Lateral = Biceps femoris. Tibial & common fibular nerve
What are the ligaments of the knee joint?
Iliotibial tract
Tibial (medial) collateral
Fibular (lateral) collateral
Cruciate ligaments (anterior and posterior)
What is genu varum and genu valgam?
Genu varum = bow legs
Genu valgam = knock knees
Where are the menisci attached?
The fibrous capsule
Tibial intercondylar area
Inner edges attached to bone
What makes the medial meniscus more vulnerable to tearing in a knee injury?
It is attached peripherally to the tibial (medial) collateral ligament
Where does the ACL attach & what is its role?
Attachment: Lateral femoral condyle
Role: Prevents anterior displacement of tibia & hyperextension of the knee
Where does the PCL attach & what is its role?
Attachment: Medial femoral condyle
Role: Prevents posterior displacement & hyperflexion of the joint
What is the suprapatellar bursa & what does it do?
It’s an extension of the synovial cavity. It reduces friction on the quadriceps tendon during knee movement
What separates the anterior and lateral leg compartments?
Anterior intermuscular septum
Muscles are the anterior compartment of the leg?
Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus
Fibularis Tertius
What are the anterior muscles of the leg innervated by?
The deep fibular nerve (L4, L5)
Attachments of the anterior muscles of the leg?
Proximally: Tibia, Fibula or interosseous membrane
Distally:
Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform (tibialis anterior )
Distal phalanges of great toe (Extensor hallucis longus)
All digits (Extensor digitorum longus)
Base of 5th metatarsal (fibularis tertius)
