Dissection 3

Question 1

Proximal attachment of the 3 out of 4 hamstrings muscles

Answer 1

Ischial tuberosity

Question 2

Hamstring muscles are called…

Answer 2

Semimembranousus
Semitendinosus (medially)
Long and short heads of biceps femoris (lateral)

Question 3

Actions of the hamstring muscles?

Answer 3

Extend and flex the hip & knee joints

Question 4

What are the tendons of the hamstring muscles bound to?

Answer 4

Popliteal fossa supermedially and superolaterally

Question 5

Where does the biceps femoris attach?

Answer 5

Lateral aspect of the head of the fibula

Question 6

Why can’t the short head of the biceps femoris be considered a ‘true’ hamstring muscle?

Answer 6

1) It attached proximally to the linea aspera of the femur, not to the ischial tuberosity
2) It doesn’t cross the hip joint & therefore doesn’t contribute to the movement of the hip joint
3) It is supplied by the common fibular branch of the sciatic nerve rather than the tibial branch

Question 7

Nerve roots of the sciatic nerve?

Answer 7

L4-S3

Question 8

What does the sciatic nerve supply?

Answer 8

• Muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh
• (from its divisions) muscles in ALL the compartments of the leg
• Intrinsic muscles of the foot

Question 9

What does the sciatic nerve branch into? (and where does it branch?)

Answer 9

The tibial nerve and the common fibular nerve. It branches anywhere between the gluteal region and the popliteal fossa (inferior 1/3)

Question 10

What are the 3 hip joint ligaments?

Answer 10

Iliofemoral
Pubofemoral
Ischiofemoral

Question 11

How to differentiate between semitendinosus and semimembranosus

Answer 11

Semitendinosus = longer 
Semimembranosus = shiny membrane appearance

Question 12

Describe the blood supply to the head of the femur

Answer 12

Profunda femoris artery gives rise to medial circumflex femoral artery which gives rise to retinacular arteries that run in synovial folds of femoral neck
Artery to head of femur from the obturator artery