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Physical Pharmacy > Dispersion System > Flashcards

Dispersion System Flashcards

1
Q

Dispersed Phase

A

Internal/Discontinuous Phase

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2
Q

Dispersion Medium

A

External/Continuous Phase

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3
Q

Classificiation of Dispersed Systems based on Particle Size

A

Molecular Dispersion
Colloidal Dispersion
Coarse Dispersion

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4
Q

Mixture of two or more components that form a homogenous molecular dispersion or one-phase system

A

Molecular Dispersion (True Solutions)

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5
Q

Represents a system having a particle size intermediate between that of a true solution & a coarse dispersion

A

Colloidal Dispersion

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6
Q

Diameter of particles being larger than 0.5 um

A

Coarse Dispersion

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7
Q

Molecular Dispersion

A

Size: <1nm
State: Monophasic
Visibility: Invisible in electron microscope
Filtration: Pass through ultrafilter and semipermeable membrane
Diffusion: Rapid

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8
Q

Examples of Molecular Dispersion

A

Glucose
Oxygen Molecules
Ordinary Ions

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9
Q

Colloidal Dispersion

A

Size: 1nm - 0.5um
State: Biphasic
Visibility: Visible in electron Microscope
Filtration: Pass through filter paper but not semipermeable membrane
Diffusion: Slow

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10
Q

Examples of Colloidal Dispersion

A

Colloidal Silver Solution
Paint
Shaving Cream
Natural & Synthetic Polymers
Milk, Cheese, Butter

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11
Q

Coarse Dispersion

A

Size: >0.5um
State: Biphasic
Visibility: Visible under microscope
Filtration: Do not pass through filter paper or semipermeable membrane
Diffusion: No diffusion

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12
Q

Examples of Coarse Dispersion

A

Most pharmaceutical emulsion and Suspension
Grains of Sand
Red Blood Cells

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13
Q

Types of Colloidal System

A

(a) Lyophilic Colloids
(b) Lyophobic Colloids
(c) Association Colloids

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14
Q

Lyophilic Colloids

A

Solvent loving colloids
Thermodynamically Stable
Dispersion Medium: Water

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15
Q

Examples of Lyophilic Colloids

A

Dispersion of starch, gum, protein in water

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16
Q

Lyophobic Colloids

A

Solvent-hating Colloids
Thermodynamically Stable
Dispersion Medium: Water - Hydrophobic colloids
Consist of inorganic particles

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17
Q

Examples of Lyophobic Colloids

A

Dispersion of Gold, Sulfur, Silver iodide in water

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18
Q

Composed of material that have little attraction for the dispersion medium, due primarily to the absence of a solvent sheath around the particles

A

Lyophobic Colloids

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19
Q

Association Colloids / Amphiphilic Colloids

A

Having two distinct regions of opposing solution affinities

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20
Q

Formed by association of dissolved molecules of a substance to create particles of colloidal dimensions

A

Association / Amphiphilic Colloids

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21
Q

Systems containing colloidal particles that interact to an appreciable extent with the dispersion medium

A

Lyophilic Colloids

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22
Q

The concentration of monomer at which micelles form

A

Critical Micelle Concentration

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23
Q

The number of monomers that aggregate to form a micelle

A

Aggregation Number

24
Q

Dispersion Medium: Solid

A

Solid: Solid Solution
Liquid: Solid Emulsion
Gas: Solid Foam

25
Q

Dispersion Medium: Liquid

A

Solid: Sol, Gel
Liquid: Emulsion
Gas: Foam

26
Q

Dispersion Medium: Gas

A

Solid: Solid aerosols
Liquid: Liquid Aerosols

27
Q

Colloid Type of Pearls, Opal

A

Solid solution

28
Q

Colloid Type of Cheese, butter

A

Solid emulsion

29
Q

Colloid Type of Pumcie, Marshmallow

A

Solid Foam

30
Q

Colloid Type of Jelly, Paint

A

Sol, Gel

31
Q

Colloid Type of Milk, Mayo

A

Emulsion

32
Q

Colloid Type of Whipped cream, shaving cream

A

Foam

33
Q

Colloid Type of Smoke, Dust

A

Solid aerosols

34
Q

Colloid Type of Cloud, mist, fog

A

Liquid aerosols

35
Q

Properties of Colloids

A

1. Optical
* Light Scattering

2. Kinetic
* Brownian Motion
* Diffusion
* Sedimentation
* Viscosity

3. Electrical
* Zeta Potential
* Nerns’t Potential
* Electrokinetic Potential

36
Q

Optical properties

A

Faraday-Tyndall Effect

37
Q

Random movement of colloidal particles, irregular & zigzag pattern

A

Brownian Motion

38
Q

Factors affecting Brownian Motion

A

↑ Particle Size ↓ Velocity
↑ Viscosity ↓ Brownian Movement
Size of particles
MW
Affinity of particle
Spherocolloids - ↓ Viscosity
Linear particles - ↑ Viscosity

39
Q

Spontaneous movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to one of lower concentration until equilibrium is achieved.

A

Diffusion
Ruled by Fick’s law

40
Q

Resistance to flow a system under applied stress

A

Viscosity

41
Q

Zeta Potential is also known as

A

Electrokinetic Potential

42
Q

Difference in potential between the surface of the tightly-bound layers & the electroneutral region of the dispersion

A

Zeta Potential/Electrokinetic Potential

43
Q

Nerns’t Potential

A

Electrokinetic Potential

44
Q

Difference in potential between the actual surface of the particle & the electroneutral region of the dispersion

A

Nerns’t Potential/Electrothermodynamic Potential

45
Q

Electrokinetic phenomena

A

Electrophoresis
Electro-osmosis
Sedimentation Potential
Streaming Potential

46
Q

The presence and magnitude, or absence of this on colloidal particle is an important factor in determining stability of colloids

A

Electric Properties

47
Q

The movement of a charged particles through a liquid under the influence of an applied potential difference

A

Electrophoresis/Cataphoresis

48
Q

The movement of the dispersion medium under the influence of applied potential

A

Electro-osmosis

49
Q

Creation of potential when particles undergo sedimentation

Opposite of electrophoresis

A

Sedimentation Potential

50
Q

Creation of potential by a forcing a liquid to flow through a plug or bed of particles

A

Streaming potential

51
Q

Pharmaceutical use of Colloidal Copper

A

Treatment of Cancer

52
Q

Pharmaceutical use of Colloidal Mercury

A

Treatment of Syphilis

53
Q

Pharmaceutical use of Colloidal Gold

A

Diagnostic Agent for paresis

54
Q

Pharmaceutical use of Colloidal Electrolytes

A

Inc. solubility, stability, and taste of compounds in aq and oil pharmaceutical prep

55
Q

Pharmaceutical use of Colloidal Sulfur

A

Absorbed completely compare to powdered sulfur

Physical Pharmacy (14 decks)

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