Disorders of the Muscular System

Question 1

Adhesion

Answer 1

Abnormal joining together by collagen of 2 structures

Question 2

Cervical Acceleration-Deceleration CAD

Answer 2

Soft tissue ailments usually associated with a rear impact auto accident

Question 3

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Answer 3

Often associated with fibromyalgia; generalized fatigue

Question 4

Chronic Myofascial Pain MPS

Answer 4

Often associated with a cycle of ischemia-necrosis pain, leading to continued contractions that produce further ischemia; trigger points are common

Question 5

Contracture

Answer 5

Muscle tissue chronically shortened & resistant to passive stretching

Question 6

Cramp

Answer 6

Painful, spasmodic, involuntary, sustained muscular contraction

Question 7

Fibromyalgia

Answer 7

Symptoms of diffuse chronic (min 3 months) pain & fatigue, sleep disturbances, coldness of extremities, headaches, global anxiety, irritable bowel, & presence of at least 11 “tender points”

Question 8

Hernia

Answer 8

A “hole” through which constrained contents are escaping ex: epigastric, paraumbilical, femoral, inguinal

Question 9

Muscle Infection

Answer 9

Inflammation (myositis) due to microbes or underlying autoimmune disease

Question 10

Muscular Dystrophy

Answer 10

Group of genetic disorders characterized by atrophy of skeletal muscle; some forms are fatal

Question 11

Myasthenia Gravis

Answer 11

Chronic disease characterized by muscle weakness that begins in muscle region & spreads to other skeletal muscles; death results from respiratory failure

Question 12

Strains

1st Degree

2nd Degree

3rd Degree

Answer 12

Injury to the muscle or tendon

1st Degree: mild; usually no palpable defects; mild pain at time of injury; tenderness & swelling increased after injury; normal function not compromised

2nd Degree: moderate; significant pain; some edema & muscle splinting; function compromised

3rd Degree: severe; lesion or tear can be palpated; very painful; unstable; edema; function significantly altered; snap often noted

Question 13

Tendonitis

Answer 13

Inflammation of the tendon & tendon-muscle junction; symptoms similar to muscle strains

Question 14

Tenosynovitis

Answer 14

Inflammation of the tendon’s synovial sheath

Question 15

Thoracic Outlet Compression Syndromes

Answer 15

Neurovascular bundle (brachial plexus,& axillary artery & subclavian vein) is compromised (entrapped) via scalenus anticus syndrome, cervical rib syndrome, & shoulder girdle syndrome; pain & paresthensia in hand, neck, shoulder or arms

Question 16

Torticollis

Answer 16

A type of contracture with lateral flexion & rotation that may involve SCM, scalenes, or upper trapezius