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Massage Therapy > Ch. 6 test prep > Flashcards

Ch. 6 test prep Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary organ of the skeletal system

A

Bones

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2
Q

How do we classify bones

A

Shape

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3
Q

What’s another name for joints

A

Articulation

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4
Q

Name the functions of the skeletal system

A

Support, storage, movement, & protection

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5
Q

What do bones protect

A

organs

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6
Q

How do muscles move bone

A

Pull

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7
Q

What do bones store

A

Calcium

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8
Q

Hemo

A

blood

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9
Q

Blood cell formation

A

Hemopoiesis

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10
Q

myo

A

muscle

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11
Q

Where does blood cell formation take place

A

Myeloid tissue

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12
Q

What is the soft connective tissue inside the hard walls of some bones

A

Myeloid tissue

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13
Q

What are the 5 types of bones

A

Sesamoid, flat, long, short, & irregular

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14
Q

Name 2 long bones

A

femur & tibia

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15
Q

Name 2 short bones

A

carpal & tarpal

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16
Q

Name 2 flat bones

A

Sternum & skull

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17
Q

Name 2 irregular bones

A

vertebrae & sesamoid

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18
Q

Example of a sesamoid

A

Patella or knee cap

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19
Q

What bone is encapsulated within a tendon

A

Sesamoid or Patella or knee cap

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20
Q

Name the shaft of the long bone

A

Diaphysis

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21
Q

Name the hollow area inside the shaft of a long bone

A

Medullary Cavity

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22
Q

This area contains the soft yellow bone marrow

A

Medullary Cavity

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23
Q

Name the ends of long bone

A

Epiphyses

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24
Q

Red bone marrow is found in this part of the long bone

A

Epiphyses

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25
Q

Where is the spongy bone found

A

Epiphyses

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26
Q

Name the thin layer of cartilage that covers each epiphyses

A

Articular Cartilage

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27
Q

What is the purpose of Articular Cartilage

A

Shock absorber

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28
Q

Name the strong fibrous membrane covering long bones except at the joint surfaces

A

Periosteum

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29
Q

2 major types of connective tissue in the skeletal system

A

bone & cartilage

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30
Q

Names for the outer layer of hard bone

A

Periosteum or Compact bone

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31
Q

Name for the porous bone in the end of long bones

A

Spongy bone or cancellous bone

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32
Q

What is the needlelike threads of spongy bone that surrounds a network of spaces

A

Trabeculae

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33
Q

What is the intracellular substance of a tissue in bone it’s calcified & in blood it’s liquid

A

Calcium

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34
Q

Numerous structural units that are how the matrix of bone is organized

A

Osteon

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35
Q

Name the ring of calcified matrix surrounding the Haversian canal

A

Concentric lamella

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36
Q

Name the pathway in bone that contains a blood vessel

A

Central Canal

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37
Q

osteo

A

bone

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38
Q

cytes

A

cells

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39
Q

These are found between the hard layers of the lamellae

A

osteocytes

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40
Q

Name the spaces where osteocytes are found

A

lacunae

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41
Q

Nutrients pass from the blood vessel in the Haversian canal to the osteocytes through this

A

Canaliculi

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42
Q

Chondr

A

Cartilage

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43
Q

Chondrocytes

A

Cartilage cells

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44
Q

No blood vessels are found here

A

Cartilage

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45
Q

bone forming cells

A

osteoblasts

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46
Q

bone-resorbing cells

A

osteoclasts

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47
Q

Name the process of blood formation

A

ossification

48
Q

The cartilage between the epiphyses & diaphysis that allows growth of the bone

A

Articulate

49
Q

When there is no longer bone growth what remains where there was once cartilage

A

epiphyseal line

50
Q

This bone pathology occurs most often in elderly white females

A

Osteoporosis

51
Q

Name the division of the skeleton that includes the clavicles & scapula

A

Appendicular

52
Q

Name the division of the skeleton that includes the head & trunk

A

Axial

53
Q

The only joint in the upper skeleton where the axial & appendicular skeletons articulate

A

Sternoclavicular

54
Q

How many cranial bones

A

8

55
Q

How many facial bones

A

14

56
Q

How many bones in the middle ear

A

3 per ear

57
Q

What are the spaces or cavities inside some of the cranial bones

A

sinuses

58
Q

4 pairs of these are found in the frontal, maxillary, sphenoid, & ethmoid bones

A

paranasal sinuses

59
Q

Name the type of cartilage that covers joint surfaces

A

hyaline

60
Q

Name the fibrous membrane that lines the medullary cavity

A

Endosteum

61
Q

itis

A

inflammation of

62
Q

Inflammation of the frontal sinus due to its mucous membrane becoming inflamed & swollen

A

frontal sinusitis

63
Q

Name an immovable joint

A

Suture

64
Q

Name the immovable joint between the parietal & occipital bones

A

lambobidal suture

65
Q

Name the immovable joint between the parietal & temporal & part of the sphenoid bones

A

Squamous suture

66
Q

Name the immovable joint between the parietal & frontal bones

A

Coronal surture

67
Q

Name the 6 soft spots on the baby’s skull where ossification is incomplete

A

fontanels

68
Q

When is the ossification of the bones of the skull is complete

A

2 years old

69
Q

Name the whole in the center of a vertebrae

A

Vertebral foramen

70
Q

How many curves in your spine

A

4

71
Q

Name the types of curves in your spine except in a newborn

A

Convex curves

72
Q

What are the cervical & lumbar curves called

A

Concave curves

73
Q

What are the thoracic & sacral curves called

A

Convex curves

74
Q

What type of rib attaches directly to the sternum via costal cartilage

A

true ribs

75
Q

Which pair of ribs attach to the last true rib

A

false ribs

76
Q

What do we call the 2 pair of ribs that don’t have cartilage

A

floating ribs

77
Q

Name the 2nd longest bone in the body

A

tibia

78
Q

What is the large bony process of the ulna

A

olecrarion

79
Q

Name the endangerment site on the sternum

A

sternoclavicular

80
Q

How many carpals are in the body

A

8

81
Q

How many metacarpals in the body

A

5

82
Q

How many bones that make the phalanges of both hands

A

14

83
Q

Whats the total number of bones in both hands

A

27

84
Q

Another name for pelvic bone

A

pelvic girdle

85
Q

What’s the longest bone of the body

A

femur

86
Q

Name the hip socket made up of the ilium, ischium & pubis

A

coxal bone

87
Q

Name the shinbone

A

tibia

88
Q

Name the knee cap

A

patella

89
Q

Name the heel bone & largest of the tarsals

A

calcaneus

90
Q

Which gender had less than a 90 degree angle in the pelvic girdle

A

Male

91
Q

Name the only bone in the body that doesn’t connect to another bone

A

hyoid

92
Q

Name 3 types of joints

A

Synarthroses = suture= skull immovable
Amphiarthroses little movement
Diarthroses lots of movement

93
Q

Name the type of joint in which fibrous connective tissue grows between the articulating bones (joining) holding them close together

A

Synarthroses

94
Q

Give examples of least movable joints

A

lambobidal, squamous, & coronal suture

95
Q

Name the joint in which cartilage connects articulating bones

A

Amphiarthroses

96
Q

Name the most movable joints

A

Diarthroses

97
Q

What do diarthrotic joints have in common

A

movable

98
Q

What is the strongest & toughest material of the body that makes the joint capsule of diarthrotick joints

A

fibrous connective tissue

99
Q

What grows out of the periosteum & last 2 bones toether

A

ligaments

100
Q

What lays over the joint ends of bones & absorbs jolts

A

articular cartilage

101
Q

What secretes a lubricating fluid (synovial fluid) that allows easier movent with less friction at a joint

A

synovial membrane

102
Q

List the types of diarthrotic joints

A

hinge, pivot, saddle, condyloid, gliding, and ball & socket joints

103
Q

Name the type of diarthrotic joint that allows for the widest range of movement

A

ball & socket joint

104
Q

Name the type of diarthrotic joint that allows for movements in only 2 directions (flexion & extension)

A

hinge joint

105
Q

Name the type of diarthrotic joint found between C1 & C2 (atlas & axis) that allows the head to rotate

A

pivot joint

106
Q

Name the type of diarthrotic joint that allows for great mobility (flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction, & opposition)

A

saddle joint

107
Q

Name the type of diarthrotic joint that allows for the least movement

A

gliding joint

108
Q

Name the type of diarthrotic joint that involves a condyle (oval projection) to fit an elliptical socket

A

Condyloid joint

109
Q

Give examples of a ball & socket joint

A

shoulder & hip joint

110
Q

Give examples of a hinge joint

A

elbow & knee joints

111
Q

Give an example of pivot joint

A

axis rotating against the atlas

112
Q

Give an example of saddle joint

A

thumb

113
Q

Give an example of a gliding joint

A

articular processes between the vertebrae

114
Q

Give an example of a condyloid joint

A

atlantoocciputal

115
Q

What is the longest bone in the body

A

femur

Massage Therapy (6 decks)

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