Ch. 7 test prep Flashcards
A person’s ability to survive depends on his or her ability to what
Adjust to changing conditions of our environment
Skeletal muscle cells appear in what under a micorscope
bundles
Describe the shape of a muscle
threadlike & cylindrical
Skeletal muscle cells have multiple what
nuclei
muscle cell
muscle fiber
Which type of muscle tissue is striated & voluntary
skeletal muscle
Which type of muscle tissue has dark bands call intercalated disks
cardiac muscle fibers
Nonstriated muscles are
smooth muscles
Smooth muscles cells are tapered at each end, lack striations, & have a single what
nucleus
Where are smooth muscles found
blood vessel walls & hollow internal organs
Smooth, nonstriated, involuntary muscle is sometimes called what
visceral muscle
Every movement we make involves muscles to what
contraction
What is a skeletal muscle
organ
A skeletal muscle is composed of what
skeletal muscle fibers & connecting tissue
A muscle attachment to the more stationary bone is known as what
origin
A muscle attachment to the more movable bone is known as what
insertion
The body of the muscle is known as what
body
What anchors muscle to bones
tendons
What is made of dense fibrous connective tissue
tendons
What are small fluid-filled sacs
bursae
These lie between some tendons & bones
bursae
These are made of connective tissue & lined with synovial membrane
bursae
What makes it easier for a tendon to slide over a bone when the tendon’s muscle shortens
bursa
Some tendons are enclosed with what tube-shaped structures lined with synovial membrane & moistened with synovial fluid to facilitate movement
tendon sheaths
prefixes sarco & myo
muscle
Each skeletal muscle fiber is filled with 2 kinds of very fine, threadlike structures called what
Thick & thin myofilaments
What protein forms thick myofilaments
myosin
What protein forms thin myofilaments
actin
What is the basic functional unit of skeletal mucscle
sarcomere
What is the basic contractile unit of skeletal muscle
myofibrils
What is the basic building block of compact bone
collegen fibril
What separates sarcomeres from each other
z lines
Muscle contraction causes the what to slide toward each other & shorten the sarcomere
thick & thin myofilaments
What explains how a skeletal muscle contracts
Sliding filament model
What mineral must be present for contraction to take place
calcium
The energy used for muscle contraction is what
glucose
Name the primary functions of the muscular system
movement, posture & heat production
