Disorders of the Eyelid Flashcards

1
Q

Congenital Abnormalities of the eyelid (6)

A

1) Ankyloblepharon
2) Pathologic Ankyloblepharon
3) Eyelid agenesis
4) Eyelid dermoid
5) Macroblepharon
6) Lagophthalmos

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2
Q

Ankyloblepharon (3)

A

1) palpebral fissure sealed @ birth
2) physiologic in dogs/cats up to 10-15 days of age
3) if eyelids open prematurely exposure KCS & ulcerations

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3
Q

Pathologic Ankyloblepharon (4)

A

1) Delayed or complete failure of eyelid opening
2) Ophthalmia neonatorum
3) Staph in dogs
4) Chlamydial in cats

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4
Q

Eyelid Agenesis (3)

A

1) complete or partial undeveloped eyelid
2) cats
3) friction b/w haired skin & cornea = keratitits

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5
Q

Eyelid dermoid (3)

A

1) ectopic island of skin @ the eyelid margin
2) French bulldog, shih tze, German shepherd, dachshund & dalmatians
3) surgical removal of abnormal tissue

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6
Q

Macroblepharon (4)

A

1) overly large palpebral fissure
2) brachycephalic & spaniel breeds
3) contributes to KCS, proptosis & lagophthalmos
4) can cause pigmentary keratitis

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7
Q

Lagophthalmos (4)

A

1) inability to close close eyelids completely
2) brachycephalic breeds
3) facial nerve paralysis, exophthalmia, buphthalmia
4) can cause keratitis

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8
Q

Abnormal Hairs: Structural Abnormalities (3)

A

1) distichiasis
2) trichiasis
3) ectopic cilia

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9
Q

Distichiasis (3)

A

1) single or multiple hairs arising from the meibomian gland openings
2) possible inherited etiology
3) epiphora, tear staining, blepharospasm & keratitis

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10
Q

Trichiasis (3)

A

1) normal cilia or facial hair directed towards the cornea
2) Congenital: entropion, eyelid angenesis & dermoid
3) Acquired: eye lid lacerations & bothced surgeries

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11
Q

Ectopic cilia (3)

A

1) cilia emerging through palpebral conjunctiva
2) young dogs
3) upper eyelid most common

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12
Q

Entropion (5)

A

1) inversion of the eyelid
2) haired skin contacts the conjunctiva & corneal surfaces
3) blepharospasm, epiphora, corneal pigmentation & ulceration
4) primary: congenital or developmental
5) secondary: cicatrical or spastic

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13
Q

Ectropion (6)

A

1) eversion of the eyelid margin
2) over- exposure of the conjunctiva & corneal surfaces
3) typically accompanied by macroblepharon
4) Conformation
5) transient fatigue
6) secondary

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14
Q

Eyelid lacerations (3)

A

1) partial vs. full-thickness
2) marginal vs. nonmarginal
3) usually require surgical correction

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15
Q

Blepharitis (2)

A

1) inflammation of the eyelids
2) infectious etiologies & immune mediated etiologies

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16
Q

Chalazion (3)

A

1) impacted meibomian gland
2) firm non-painful swelling
3) treatment is warm packing, curettage, +/- antibiotics

17
Q

Dog Eyelid Neoplasia (3)

A

1) meibomian gland adenomas & epitheliomas (most common)
2) Melanomas
3) Papillomas

18
Q

Cat Eyelid neoplasia (3)

A

1) should always be considered malignant
2) mast cell tumors
3) hemangiomas

19
Q

Horse eyelid neoplasia (3)

A

1) squamous cell carcinoma: high recurrence rate
2) sarcoid: recurrence is common
3) melanoma; locally invasive

20
Q

Retained Spectacle (3)

A

1) eyelids do not shed appropriately
2) reptiles
3) treatment: increase humidity & lubrication