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Histo & Neuro Part 2 > Disorders Discussed > Flashcards

Disorders Discussed Flashcards

1
Q

associated with thymoma

A

Myasthenia Gravis

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2
Q

associated with small cell lung CA

A

Lambert-Eaton

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3
Q

proteases that cleave SNARE proteins involved in neurotransmission

A

botulinum and tetanus

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4
Q

hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy associated with foot deformities

A

charcot-marie-tooth

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5
Q

Toxin prevents release of inhibitory (GABA and glycine) neurotransmitters from Renshaw cells in spinal cord

A

tetanus

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6
Q

Prion diseases

A

convert normal normal trotein to b-pleated form

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7
Q

rapidly progressive dementia, typically sporadic (some familial forms) in prions

A

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease

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8
Q

Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy

A

(mad cow disease)

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9
Q

Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculopathy

A

Guillain barre

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10
Q

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia is seen in

A

multiple sclerosis

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11
Q

Devic’s disease

A

Neuromielitis optica

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12
Q

Rosenthal fibers, GFAP, dominant

A

Alexander’s disease

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13
Q

Spinal stenosis and compression
Age related degenerative

A

Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy

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14
Q

anterior spinal artery infarct can cause:

A

Presents with UMN deficit below the lesion (corticospinal tract), LMN deficit at the level of the lesion (anterior horn), and loss of pain and temperature sensation below the lesion (spinothalamic tract)

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15
Q

vitamin b deficiency cam cause:

A

Subacute combined degeneration (SCD)— demyelination of Spinocerebellar tracts, lateral Corticospinal tracts, and Dorsal columns

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16
Q

neurosyphilis - tabes dorsalis

A

Affects dorsal column and nerve root
Slowly progressive

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17
Q

2ry to Multiple sclerosis, neuromielitis optica

A

inflammatory myelitis

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18
Q

metastatic myelopathy can cause:

A

Spreads to epidural space
80% nonambulatory

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19
Q

Neural tube fails to close, limb deformity, gi problems

A

spina bifida - myelomeningocele

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20
Q

brown-sequard syndrome

A

Hemicord lesion

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21
Q

transverse cord lesion

A
22
Q

herniated discs can cause:

A

Radiculopathies

23
Q

metastasis is:

A

Tumor cells or emboli spread via lymphatics or blood

24
Q

herpes zoster

A

Rash that shoots tingling sensation down limbs

25
Q

diabetic radiculopathy

A
26
Q

Compression of spinal roots L2 and below, often due to intervertebral disc herniation or tumor, saddle anesthesia

A

cauda-equina syndrome

27
Q

anterior cord syndrome

A
28
Q

posterior cord syndrome

A

Loss of proprioception and vibration below

29
Q

ventral cord syndrome

A

Loss of pain and temp below

30
Q

Diffuse u fibers, NAA, recessive, spongiform

A

Canavan lkd disease

31
Q

Peripheral neuropathy, destruction of oligodendrocytes, developmental delay, optic atrophy, globoid cells, recessive

A

Krabbe disease leukodystrophy

32
Q

X-linked recessive disorder of β-oxidation due to mutation in ABCD1 gene

A

Adrenoleukodystrophy

33
Q

Periventricular, arylsulfatase, recessive, granules, dementia leukodystrophy

A

Metachromic

34
Q

Xlinked PLP, diffuse u fibers, poor eye control

A

pelizaeus merzbacher disease

35
Q

associated with toxins and insecticides

A

Organophosphate poisoning

36
Q

onset in infancy abnormal AchR

A

Congenital Myasthenic syndromes

37
Q

Clinically Isolated Syndromes suggestive of MS (CIS)

A
38
Q

Combination of Bilateral ON and cervical myelopathy disorder:

A

Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD)

39
Q

Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD)

A
40
Q

most common NMJ disorder

A

Myasthenia Gravis

41
Q

MG pathophysiology

A

Autoantibodies to postsynaptic ACh receptor

42
Q

Ache Inhibitor trestment

A

MG

43
Q

Lambert eaton pathophysiology

A

Autoantibodies to presynaptic Ca2+ channel block Ach release

44
Q

botulinum symptoms:

A

flaccid paralysis
diplopia
dysarthia
dysphagia
dyspnea

45
Q

Toxin prevents release of stimulatory (ACh) signals at neuromuscular junction, snare cleavage

A

botulinum

46
Q

clostridium tetani causes

A

spactic paralysis

47
Q

Guillain barre symptoms

A

high CSF, ascending muscle weakness, absent DTRs, GI/respi infection

48
Q

medial longitudinal fasciculus lesion can cause

A

multiple sclerosis - impaired add of eye

48
Q

medial longitudinal fasciculus lesion can cause

A

multiple sclerosis - impaired add of eye

49
Q

Autoimmune inflammation and demyelination of CNS (brain and spinal cord) with subsequent axonal damage

A

multiple sclerosis

Histo & Neuro Part 2 (13 decks)

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