CC3: Spinal Cord Syndromes

Question 1

weakness of forearm and wrist extensors, inability to flex (dorsiflex) the wrist, and sensory loss in the C6 dermatome

Answer 1

disc herniation at cervical level

Question 2

weakness of knee flexion; plantarflexion of the ankle and extension of the great toe; loss of the Achilles, bulbocavernosus, and anal-cutaneous (anal wink) reflexes; and a loss of sensation in these respective dermatomes (but- tock, posterior thigh and leg, lateral leg, and most of foot)

Answer 2

disc herniation at lumbosacral level

Question 3

urinary retention, overflow inconti- nence; decreased anal sphincter tone
saddle anesthesia, sciatica, sexual dysfucntion

Answer 3

cauda equina syndrome

Question 4

A rapidly expanding mass, such as a hematoma, neoplasm, or infarction with resultant edema, located in the temporal lobe may result in

Answer 4

uncal herniation

Question 5

Weakness of left biceps, wrist extensors dermatomes

Answer 5

c6, c7

Question 6

Which dermatome? Absent left biceps/brachioradialis reflex

Answer 6

c5, c6

Question 7

Which dermatome? Left neck/shoulder pain with tingling radiating down 1rst and 2nd fingers with decreased pinprick

Answer 7

c6

Question 8

Which dermatome? Weakness of left gastrocnemius with
decreased ankle reflex

Answer 8

s1

Question 9

Which dermatome? Low back pain radiating to left lateral foot, sole with pins and needles sensation/ decreased sensation in left lateral calf, lateral foot including the small toe and sole

Answer 9

s1

Question 10

Which dermatome? Pain in gluteal region bilaterally, loss of sensation saddle distribution over genitals and buttocks

Answer 10

s2-s5

Question 11

Dermatome? cremasteric reflex positive

Answer 11

below l1-l2

Question 12

What polyradiculopathy causes an acute rapidly progressive ascending flaccid paralysis

Answer 12

guillain-barre syndrome

Question 13

spinal roots involved in abd reflexes

Answer 13

above t8-t10
below t10-t12

Question 14

bulbocavernous reflex spinal roots and anal wink

Answer 14

s2-s4

Question 15

brown sequard-syndrome

Answer 15

hemicord lesion

Question 16

small central cord lesion in spinothalamic tracts affects:

Answer 16

bilateral regions of suspended sensory loss in pain and temperature- may be asymmetric

Question 17

Spinal stenosis and compression of spinal cord resulting from age-related degenerative changes of the spine

Answer 17

Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy

Question 18

A trauma fracture can cause:

Answer 18

spinal shock- flaccid paralysis, loss of DTR’s

Question 19

anterior spinal artery insufficiency of the aorta can cause:

Answer 19

Central cord symptoms:
bilateral loss of motor fx
Pain/temperature sensation/
sparing of proprioception and vibratory senses below the level of the lesion

Question 20

anterior spinal artery tx:

Answer 20

revascularization of Artery of Adamkiewicz

Question 21

vit B deficiency can cause?

Answer 21

Posterior deficiencies:
ataxia from affected dorsal columns
weakness affected lateral corticospinal tract- subacute combined degeneration

Question 22

neurosyphilis (tabes dorsalis) can cause:

Answer 22

Chronic slowly progressive myelopathy causing ataxia from affected dorsal columns accompanied by pain from affected dorsal nerve roots

Question 23

Can be idiopathic or secondary to multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica

Answer 23

inflammatory myelitis

Question 24

Which condition? Limb deformities , weakness, sensory disturbances , bowel and bladder problems, hydrocephalus - neural tube

Answer 24

spina bifida - meningomyelocelo

Question 25

Dermatomal rash (shingles) associated with severe radiating pain

Answer 25

herpes zoster