Diseases Of The Urniary System Flashcards
What is cystitis?
Idiopathic
Feline lower urinary tract disease
What are the signs of cystitis?
Hematuria
Dysturia
Inappropriate urination
More frequent urintion
How do you diagnose cystitis?
Cysticentesis
Urinalysis
Urine culture is negative
Radiographic
Ultrasound exam of the bladder
How do you treat cystitis?
Avoid antibiotics
Change diet
Analgesics
Anti inflammatory
Administer propantheline orally
What is canine cystitis?
Frequent voiding of urine,etc
Caused by bacteria infections in dogs
Can also be due to bladder stones, tumors, or other underlying conditions
What are the signs of canine cystitis?
Increased frequency of urination
Hematuria
Dysuria
Cloudy urine, abnormal odor
Frequent licking of the urethral area
How do you diagnose canine cystitis?
Urinalysis
Urine culture and sensitivity
How do you treat canine cystitis?
Preventatives - avoid urinalysis catheters, closed system when indewlling urinary catheters, avoid trauma, least expensive, least toxic, most effective antibiotic
Treatment for acute infections- 10-14 days, chronic or relapsing infections require 4-6 weeks of treatment
Antibiotics
What is feline uroliths?
Bladder stones
What are the sings of feline uroliths?
Depend on degree of bladder stones, trauma, and whether urinalysis obstruction is present
Clinical signs- hematuria, dysuria, urniating in strange places, staring to pass urine
Vomiting
Collapse, death
How do you diagnose feline uroliths?
Radiographs
Ultrasound
Analysis of the uroliths is critical for proper treatment
Small uroliths may be collected by catheter while obtaining a urine sample
How do you treat feline uroliths?
Medical- dissolution, diet that reduces urine pH to 6 to 6.3 and low in magnesium
Surgical
What is acute renal failure?
Abrupt decrease in glomercular filtration, causing azotemia. From hyperfusion or nephrotoxic injury to the kidney
What are the signs of acute renal failure?
Oliguria
Polyuria
Fever
Kidneys painful on palpation
Vomiting and diarrhea
Dehydration
Anorexia
How do you diagnose acute renal failure?
Exam
History of ischemia episode or toxin exposure
Urinalysis
Blood chemistries
How do you treat acute renal failure?
Dietary modifications
IV fluid therapy
Discontinue potentially nephrotoxic drugs
Phosphate binders
Sodium carbonate
Diuretics
What is chronic renal failure?
Declined renal function
What are the sings of chronic renal failure?
Dullness, lethargy
Weakness
Weight loss
Anorexia
Vomiting, diarrhea
Polyuria or polsdipsia
Gait disturbances
Sudden blindness
How do you diagnose chronic renal failure?
Acidosis
Anemia
Increased in BUN, creatinine
Hyperphosphatemia
Hypokalemia
Hypercalcemia or hypocalcemia
Proteinuria
How do you treat chronic renal failure?
Supportive care
Provide IV fluids
Potassium gluconate
Phosphorous binders
Calcium carbonate
Sodium bicarbonate
Meds,etc
