Diseases of the pleura, mediastinum, and diaphragm

Question 1

pneumothorax

Answer 1

CXR

Question 2

pleural tumors

Answer 2

View by CT

Question 3

pleural effusion

Answer 3

CXR, loss of the sinuses

Question 4

to image the mediastinum

Answer 4

Use CT, especially contrast enhanced MDCT multidectecor CT, has multiple rows of detectors, catching multiple slice angles from one beam, allowing for more resolution.

Question 5

pneumomediastinum

Answer 5

Gas bubbles and linear air collections between strucutres

Seen as hairline shadows parallel to the aorta or mediastinal pleura

Question 6

Mediastinitis

Answer 6

Severe disease caused by esophogeal perforation, or swallow of a barium with a perforation.

Mediastinal widening and pleural effusion.
Increases density of mediastinal fat from inflammation.

Increased signal on T2 images by MRI.

Question 7

Causes of mediastinal lymphadenomegaly

Answer 7

Lymphomas and leukemias

Hodkins lymphoma is usually a single lymph node.