Diseases of the Brain Flashcards
What are the three main types of peracute onset lateralized forebrain signs?
Unilateral prorioceptive deficits
Unilateral vision deficits
Unilateral nasal sensation deficits
What are the three main groups of causes of peracute onset lateralized forebrain signs?
Vascular
Traumatic
Toxic
What is the best way to diagnose a cerebrovascular infarct?
MRI
What are the main treamtnets for traumatic brain injury?
Supportive treatments
Mannitol
Decompression
Which three things does the modified glasgow coma score look at?
Ascending reticular activating system
Cranial nerve nuclei
Motor tracts
What does an increase of intracranial pressure cause in the brain?
Brain herniation and brainstem compression
What is the Cushing Reflex?
Systemic hypertension and secondary bradycardia in response to decreased cerebral blood flow
What are the three main causes of sudden onset progressive symmetrical neurological signs?
Metabolic
Toxic
Inflammatory
Which drug can cause sudden onset cerebellar signs?
Metronidazole
What is the other name of idiopathic cerebellitis and what is the main clinical sign?
White shaker syndrome
Tremors
What are the four main groups causing progressive multifocal neurological signs?
Metabolic
Inflammatory
Infectious disease
Diffuse or metastatic neoplasia
What would you see on the MRI and in the CSF of an animal with non-infectious meningoencephalitis?
MRI - multifocal lesions
CSF - mononuclear pleocytosis
What is the symmetry of non-infectious meningoencephalitis?
Asymmetrical +++
What are the four methods of diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis and what would you see on each?
Bloods: anaemia, hyperglobulinaemia
MRI: secondary hydrocephalus
CSF: neutrophilic pleocytosis
PCR on CSF
What are the two methods of treatment of congenital hydrocephalus?
Palliative: prednisolone
Surgery: ventriculoperitoneal shunt
