Anti-convulsants Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two mechanisms of action of anti-convulsants?

A

Reduce excitation
Promote inhibition

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2
Q

List five goals of epilepsy management

A

Reduce seizure frequency
Reduce severity
Acceptable side effects
Acceptable costs
Practical

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3
Q

List three situations in which monitoring before starting treatment is appropriate in seizure cases

A

Known toxic trigger
Long interictal period (>3 months)
Single seizure

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4
Q

What is the first choice drug in epilepsy management for cats and dogs?

A

Phenobarbitone

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5
Q

When is imepitoin indicated as an anti-epileptic drug?

A

Dogs without cluster seizures and with long inter-ictal periods

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6
Q

What are the three main side effects of anti-epileptic drugs?

A

PUPD
Sedation
Ataxia

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7
Q

List four idiosyncratic reactions to phenobarbitone use as an anti-epileptic

A

Dermatitis
Liver failure
Cytopaenias
Pseudolymphoma

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8
Q

List three situations when you should use a second anti-epileptic drug

A

Improper seizure control despite appropriate use of first line drug
If increasing the first line drug leads to unacceptable side effects
If reaching the first line drug means reaching a possible toxic blood level

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9
Q

List five steps in the management of acute seizures

A

Check vital parameters
Protect patient
Try to get IV access
Check blood glucose
Give anticonvulsant

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10
Q

Which three drugs can you use in first line seizure management?

A

Diazepam
Midazolam
Propofol

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