Diseases Of Bones And Joints Of Spine And UE Flashcards
What type of CP is scoliosis most commonly seen in?
Spastic quadriplegic
Nursemaid’s elbow
Subluxation of radial head with displacement distal to the annular ligament
What is functional scoliosis due to?
Bad posture and muscle spasms
What physical exam finding is seen with torticollis
Olive sign - soft, non tender enlargement on SCM
At what Cobb angle will you begin to see abnormal PFTs
50-60 degrees
Treatment of little leaguer’s elbow
Rest and proper body mechanics
How do you reduce a subluxation of radial head?
Supination of forearm and flexion of elbow
If someone has congenital torticollis, what other body part must be evaluated because of increased incidence with torticollis?
The hips, because there is increased incidence of DDH
Diagnostic criteria for scheuermann’s disease
Greater than or equal to 3 consecutive vertebrae wedged greater than 5 degrees
What is Adam’s test
Forward bending test to evaluate the curvature of the spine
Mainstay treatment of torticollis
Stretching
How is head positioned for a right torticollis
Sidebent right, rotated left
At what point is surgical intervention considered for treatment of torticollis?
If no improvement after 18-24 months
At what Cobb angle do you do surgery?
> 40 degrees
Most common side of congenital torticollis
Right side
Most common cause of torticollis
Fibrosis of the SCM
At what Cobb angle do you brace?
20-40 degrees
Most common abnormality seen in PFTs due to severe scoliosis
Decreased vital capacity
MC type of spondylolisthesis in adults
Degenerative spondylolisthesis
Most common age to get idiopathic scoliosis
> 11 yo
What is medical term for little leaguer’s elbow
Medial epicondylar apophysitis
MC presenting symptom of spondylolisthesis
Difficulty forward bending
MC location of spondylolisthesis
L5-S1
Most common idiopathic scoliotic curve
Right thoracic OR right thoracic/left lumbar
When is surgery indicated for spondylolisthesis
Slippage >50%
Pathophysiology of little leaguer’s elbow
Repetitive traction stress on medial epicondyle apophysis from repetitive valgus stress
What test should all children with congenital vertebral anomaly have?
Renal ultrasound to assess anomalies of the genitourinary system
MC type of spondylolisthesis in children and adolescents
Isthmic spondylolisthesis
