Cerebral Palsy Flashcards
What toxins are prenatal risk factors for CP?
Iodine deficiency and organic mercury intoxication
What surgical procedure can be done for spasticity in CP patients?
Selective dorsal rhizotomy
Which movement disorder is characterized by slow rhythmic movement with tone changes in the trunk and extremities?
Dystopia
When will Dyskinetic cerebral palsy patients walk?
3 years
MRI may show periventricular leukomalacia in what types of cerebral palsy?
Spastic Diplegic, Spastic Quadriplegic and Spastic Hemiplegic
When does the majority of cerebral palsy occur?
Prenatal period
Most common type of mixed cerebral palsy?
Spastic athetoid
In Spastic Diplegic CP, is UE or LE involvement more common?
LE
What type of CP has the highest rate of mental retardation, and which has the lowest rate
Highest rate = spastic quadriplegic
Lowest rate = spastic hemiplegic and Diplegic
Most common cause of sensorineural hearing loss in CP
Kernicterus
Which movement disorder is characterized by slow writhing involuntary movements of distal extremities
Athetosis
What is the spastic hemiplegic gait pattern
Hip hiking or hip circumduction because of weak hip flexion and ankle dorsiflexion
What is the most common type of cerebral palsy
Spastic Diplegic
What signs indicate pseudobulbar involvement?
Dysphagia, drooling, dysarthria
When will hemiplegic cerebral palsy patients walk
By 2 years
Which movement disorder is characterized by abrupt, irregular jerky movements of head, neck and extremities?
Chorea
Spastic Diplegic vs Spastic Hemiplegic
Diplegic = UE or LE Hemiplegic = one side of the body
What is the individuals with disabilities education act (IDEA)
Early intervention is required for children who demonstrate developmental delay in their first 3 years of life
Which type of cerebral palsy shows opisthotonic posturing?
Spastic quadriplegic
Most frequent visual deficit seen in CP
Strabismus
Which movement disorder is characterized by uncoordinated movements
Ataxia
What is the spastic Diplegic gait pattern
Scissoring gait pattern with ankles in equinus
Which artery is most commonly involved in hemiplegic cerebral palsy
MCA
Most widely used therapeutic exercise method for CP
Bobath
What type of cerebral palsy has a high incidence of sensorineural hearing loss?
Dyskinetic cerebral palsy
What nerve do you block to lessen crouch gait pattern
Sciatic nerve to hamstrings
When will diplegic cerebral palsy patients walk?
Most of them walk on time
What is the leading cause of childhood disability
Cerebral palsy
5 types of spastic CP
- Monoplegic
- Diplegic
- Hemiplegia
- Triplegic
- Quadriplegic
Which type of cerebral palsy shows signs of upper motor neuron involvement?
Spastic cerebral palsy
What primitive reflex can be an early clue that child has CP?
Persistent or obligatory ATNR
How can sitting be used to prognosticate walking in CP patients
If a child can sit independently by 2 yo, prognosis for ambulation is good
Main precaution of using dantrolene
Hepatotoxicity - check LFT
What is bobath exercises?
Inhibits primitive reflex patterns. Aka neurodevelopmental treatment
What is a good prognostic indicator of intellectual potential in CP patients?
Speaking in 2-3 word sentences by 3yo
When will quadriplegic cerebral palsy patients walk?
1/4 will walk, 1/4 won’t walk. 1/2 will require assistance.
What is the crouch gait pattern
Tight hip flexors and hamstrings with weak quads
Which category of CP is pyramidal and extrapyramidal
Pyramidal = Spastic CP Extrapyramidal = Dyskinetic CP
What type of CP is seizures most common in
Spastic quadriplegic
Most common perinatal risk factor for developing cerebral palsy
Prematurity
