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Pediatrics > Cerebral Palsy > Flashcards

Cerebral Palsy Flashcards

1
Q

What toxins are prenatal risk factors for CP?

A

Iodine deficiency and organic mercury intoxication

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2
Q

What surgical procedure can be done for spasticity in CP patients?

A

Selective dorsal rhizotomy

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3
Q

Which movement disorder is characterized by slow rhythmic movement with tone changes in the trunk and extremities?

A

Dystopia

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4
Q

When will Dyskinetic cerebral palsy patients walk?

A

3 years

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5
Q

MRI may show periventricular leukomalacia in what types of cerebral palsy?

A

Spastic Diplegic, Spastic Quadriplegic and Spastic Hemiplegic

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6
Q

When does the majority of cerebral palsy occur?

A

Prenatal period

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7
Q

Most common type of mixed cerebral palsy?

A

Spastic athetoid

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8
Q

In Spastic Diplegic CP, is UE or LE involvement more common?

A

LE

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9
Q

What type of CP has the highest rate of mental retardation, and which has the lowest rate

A

Highest rate = spastic quadriplegic

Lowest rate = spastic hemiplegic and Diplegic

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10
Q

Most common cause of sensorineural hearing loss in CP

A

Kernicterus

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11
Q

Which movement disorder is characterized by slow writhing involuntary movements of distal extremities

A

Athetosis

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12
Q

What is the spastic hemiplegic gait pattern

A

Hip hiking or hip circumduction because of weak hip flexion and ankle dorsiflexion

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13
Q

What is the most common type of cerebral palsy

A

Spastic Diplegic

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14
Q

What signs indicate pseudobulbar involvement?

A

Dysphagia, drooling, dysarthria

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15
Q

When will hemiplegic cerebral palsy patients walk

A

By 2 years

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16
Q

Which movement disorder is characterized by abrupt, irregular jerky movements of head, neck and extremities?

A

Chorea

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17
Q

Spastic Diplegic vs Spastic Hemiplegic

A 
Diplegic = UE or LE
Hemiplegic = one side of the body
18
Q

What is the individuals with disabilities education act (IDEA)

A

Early intervention is required for children who demonstrate developmental delay in their first 3 years of life

19
Q

Which type of cerebral palsy shows opisthotonic posturing?

A

Spastic quadriplegic

20
Q

Most frequent visual deficit seen in CP

A

Strabismus

21
Q

Which movement disorder is characterized by uncoordinated movements

A

Ataxia

22
Q

What is the spastic Diplegic gait pattern

A

Scissoring gait pattern with ankles in equinus

23
Q

Which artery is most commonly involved in hemiplegic cerebral palsy

A

MCA

24
Q

Most widely used therapeutic exercise method for CP

A

Bobath

25
Q

What type of cerebral palsy has a high incidence of sensorineural hearing loss?

A

Dyskinetic cerebral palsy

26
Q

What nerve do you block to lessen crouch gait pattern

A

Sciatic nerve to hamstrings

27
Q

When will diplegic cerebral palsy patients walk?

A

Most of them walk on time

28
Q

What is the leading cause of childhood disability

A

Cerebral palsy

29
Q

5 types of spastic CP

A
  1. Monoplegic
  2. Diplegic
  3. Hemiplegia
  4. Triplegic
  5. Quadriplegic
30
Q

Which type of cerebral palsy shows signs of upper motor neuron involvement?

A

Spastic cerebral palsy

31
Q

What primitive reflex can be an early clue that child has CP?

A

Persistent or obligatory ATNR

32
Q

How can sitting be used to prognosticate walking in CP patients

A

If a child can sit independently by 2 yo, prognosis for ambulation is good

33
Q

Main precaution of using dantrolene

A

Hepatotoxicity - check LFT

34
Q

What is bobath exercises?

A

Inhibits primitive reflex patterns. Aka neurodevelopmental treatment

35
Q

What is a good prognostic indicator of intellectual potential in CP patients?

A

Speaking in 2-3 word sentences by 3yo

36
Q

When will quadriplegic cerebral palsy patients walk?

A

1/4 will walk, 1/4 won’t walk. 1/2 will require assistance.

37
Q

What is the crouch gait pattern

A

Tight hip flexors and hamstrings with weak quads

38
Q

Which category of CP is pyramidal and extrapyramidal

A 
Pyramidal = Spastic CP
Extrapyramidal = Dyskinetic CP
39
Q

What type of CP is seizures most common in

A

Spastic quadriplegic

40
Q

Most common perinatal risk factor for developing cerebral palsy

A

Prematurity

Pediatrics (12 decks)

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