Diseases and Conditions

Question 1

Apnea

Answer 1

Absence of breathing

Question 2

Bradypnea

Answer 2

Slow rate of breathing

Question 3

Cheyne-Stokes Respiration

Answer 3

¨Death rattle¨ periods of apnea then an increasing rate

Question 4

Dyspnea

Answer 4

Bad, difficult, painful breathing

Question 5

Eupnea

Answer 5

good, normal breathing

Question 6

Hyperpnea

Answer 6

excessive breathing…during inhalation/exhalation; rate not affected

Question 7

Hyperventilation

Answer 7

¨excessive breathing¨ with tachypnea…often results in low CO2 levels in blood

Question 8

Hypoventilation

Answer 8

shallow breathing, normal rate

Question 9

Orthopnea

Answer 9

position of the patient affects breathing quality

Question 10

Tachypnea

Answer 10

Fast breathing…so, greater than 20 breaths per min

Question 11

Rales

Answer 11

skip (abnormal lung sounds)

Question 12

Rhonchi

Answer 12

skip (abnormal lung sounds)

Question 13

Stridor

Answer 13

skip (abnormal lung sounds)

Question 14

Wheeze

Answer 14

skip (abnormal lung sounds)

Question 15

Aspiration

Answer 15

to inhale something into your lungs other than air. i.e. vomit, water

Question 16

Asthma

Answer 16

Usu due to an allergen; constriction of bronchial tubes and increased mucus
Triggers: exercise or pollen or both

Question 17

Atelectasis

Answer 17

Collapsed lung…due to airway obstruction, hypoventilation, fluid buildup (easily treated)(pneumothorax d/t trauma) Coronary Heart Failure (CHF) can be a cause as well

Question 18

Bronchitis

Answer 18

inflam. Of the bronchus (can be simple cough)

Question 19

Bronchogenic Carcinoma (lung cancer)

Answer 19

smoking, inhaling fumes,…2nd most common in us.

Question 20

Bronchospasm

Answer 20

constriction of the bronchus

Question 21

(COPD)

Answer 21

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Category of diseases (anything in the way of ventilation)

Question 22

Common Cold

Answer 22

viral infection of the respiratory tract often Dx as URI (upper respiratory infection

Question 23

Croup

Answer 23

viral infection of the larynx…usu small children…has characteristic ¨barking¨ cough (makes vocal cords constrict as well as airway) (cough sounds like seal barking)

Question 24

Cystic Fibrosis (CF)

Answer 24

genetic condition where your body overproduces mucus everywhere…shaky vest (thick mucus_

Question 25

Emphysema

Answer 25

#1 type of COPD...alveolar walls develop scar tissue...why? same as cancer

Question 26

Empyema

Answer 26

pus in the pleural cavity (pus=infection)

Question 27

Hay Fever

Answer 27

allergies

Question 28

Influenza

Answer 28

med term for flu, caused by the virus

Question 29

Pleural Effusion

Answer 29

fluid buildup in pleural space can cause atelectasis

Question 30

Pneumonia

Answer 30

fluid in lungs due to illness/aspiration; illness can be viral, bacterial, fungal, or chemical

Question 31

Pulmonary Embolism (PE)

Answer 31

blockage of the blood supply by a blood clot to the lungs. Usu post op

Question 32

Sleep Apnea

Answer 32

Condition in which you have short periods of apnea during the night-Tx is CPAP (stop breathing at night) (can sleep for long time and still be tired) (can´t be active)

Question 33

Sputum

Answer 33

a collection of mucus coughed up from the lung. Usu sent to lab to investigate/phlegm

Question 34

Strep Throat

Answer 34

bacterial infection of the pharynx...caused by the streptococcus bacteria

Question 35

Tuberculosis

Answer 35

(TB) Bacteria that infects the lungs

Question 36

Bronchoscopy

Answer 36

Using a camera to look inside the lungs

Question 37

Chest X-Ray

Answer 37

X-ray of lung to look for fluid or collapsed lung

Question 38

Oximetry

Answer 38

¨Mr.Pinchy¨...pulse oxi meter- measures oxygen in your blood. Respiration measurement

Question 39

Polysomnography

Answer 39

Sleep study to watch brain waves and detect anomalies

Question 40

Pulmonary Angioplasty

Answer 40

Check for clots in blood vessel that supply the lungs. Much like a coronary angioplasty, you squirt dye into lung arteries to check

Question 41

Spirometry

Answer 41

Test to record the volume of air a person can inhale/exhale

Question 42

ABG (Arterial Blood Gas)

Answer 42

Blood test to EXACTLY measure oxygen saturation in the blood. More accurate than oximetry VERY EXACT

Question 43

RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus)

Answer 43

Viral infection of the bronchial trees. Basic cold-like symptoms. For very young and very old, bronchus can constrict or spasm

Question 44

Aerosol Therapy

Answer 44

Nebulizar...Medicine that is aerosolized

Question 45

Cardiopulmonary Restriction

Answer 45

CPR

Question 46

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP)

Answer 46

Treatment for sleep apnea...keeps airway open while asleep. It is a mask

Question 47

Endotracheal (ET) Intubation

Answer 47

Breathing tube placed in airway for a ventilator or manual respiration. AKA trach tube

Question 48

Ventilator

Answer 48

Used to assist patient with breathing

Question 49

Antihistamine

Answer 49

Used to calm autoimmune (allergy) reactions. Interferes with inflammatory pathways. EX: Benadryl

Question 50

Antitussive

Answer 50

cough suppressant...can be bad because mucus can build up in the lungs due to not coughing up sputum

Question 51

Bronchodilator

Answer 51

Dilates bronchi and airway. Works on the smooth muscle in the bronchi

Question 52

Decongestant

Answer 52

Shrinks swollen mucous membrane and blood vessels in upper respiratory tract to relieve pressure and congestion. EX: Sudafed or anything with ¨D¨ at the end

Question 53

Expectorant

Answer 53

Thins and loosens the mucous in the airway to make it easier to cough up or be processed by the lymphatic system

Question 54

Mucolytic

Answer 54

Same as expectorant

Question 55

Inhaler

Answer 55

Aerosolized corticosteroids. Used for asthma