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Medical Terminology > Diseases > Flashcards

Diseases Flashcards

Disesase across all body systems

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Anosmia

A

A loss, severance, or damage of the olfactory nerve that causes the loss of the sense of smell

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2
Q

Otitis Media

A

The inflammation of the middle ear cannal involving the eardrum. Causes cold like symptoms with hearing loss. Common in young children.

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3
Q

Otitis Externa

A

Inflammation of the external ear canal. Known as swimmers ears.

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4
Q

Conductive Hearing Loss

A

Hearing loss from disruption of the mid and outer ear. (Physical damage)

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5
Q

Sensorineural Hearing Loss

A

Damage to the neural structure of the ear that causes hearing loss

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6
Q

Tinnitus

A

Condition of hearing ringing in the ears caused by wax blockage, hormones, or a brain tumor.

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7
Q

Otosclerosis

A

Hardening of the ear due to new bone formation of the inner ear ossicles. Caused by prior measles, stress fractures, or immune disorders

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8
Q

Rhinitis

A

Inflammation of the nasal cavity mucosal lining causing congestion and a runny nose (rhinnorhea)

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9
Q

Dacryostenosis

A

An obtruction to the nasolacrimal duct. It’s caused by impropper development.

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10
Q

Cataract

A

Clouding of the normal clear lens of the eye causing distorted vision. Caused by age or trauma

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11
Q

Diabetic Retinopathy

A

Dialation of the retinal veins that causes swelling and blood to leak into the retina. Caused by diabetes mellitus.

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12
Q

Glaucoma

A

Increased pressure in the eye that leads to vision loss. Caused by a backup of fluid in the eye. Most common cause of blindness.

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13
Q

Macular Degeneration/ Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

A

Progressidve damage to macula portion of the retina. Causes loss of central vision.

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14
Q

Nystagmus

A

Involuntary repetitive movements of the eyes.

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15
Q

Retinal Detachment

A

When the retina gets pulled away or seperated from it’s normal position. Can lead to blindness.

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16
Q

Strabismus

A

The eye rotates due to mismatched eye coordination. Four types: esotropia (medial), exotropia (lateral), hypertropia (superior), and hypotropia (inferior)

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17
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Bone loss that makes the bone to become thinner over time

18
Q

Arthritis

A

immflamation of the joint

19
Q

Osteroarthritis

A

Breakdown of cartillatge and bone causing immflamation and pain

20
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Autoimmine immflamatory disease where the immune system attacks itself, causing pain in the joints

21
Q

Gout

A

Inflammatory arthritis causes by a build up of uric acid crystals in a joint

22
Q

Myasthenia Gravis

A

chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disease that causes weakness in the skeletal muscles

23
Q

Fibromyalgia

A

Complicatated disease that causes fatigue, widespread pain, GI problems, and headaches.

24
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

Bone infection causes Staphyloccocus bacteria in the bloodstream from another part of the body

25
Q

Kyphosis

A

Condition of having a humpback

26
Q

Lordosis

A

Condition of extreme frontal curvature (arched back)

27
Q

Scoliosis

A

abnormal lateral curvature

28
Q

Simple/closed fracture

A

Broken bone that does not potrdude through skin

29
Q

Compound/open fracture

A

Broken bone piercing through the skin

30
Q

Transverse fracture

A

straight across berak

31
Q

Spiral Fracture

A

Bone is twisted apart

32
Q

Comminuted Fracture

A

Bones are broken and crushed into peices

33
Q

Greenstick fracture

A

Bones are partially broken

34
Q

obique fracture

A

bones are broken at an angle

35
Q

Coles fracture

A

bones are broken at the wrist or distal radius

36
Q

Stress fracture

A

small crack in the bone

37
Q

Bone cancer (osteosarcoma, Ewing Sarcomas, and chondrosarcoma)

A

Cancer in the bone or in an associated structure

38
Q

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

A

The body is unable to make the protein dystrophin, causing the body to weaken with age. Mostly found in boys.

39
Q

Cerebral Palsy

A

Brain development is interupted, causing muscle weakness and lack of control.

40
Q

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

A

Pain, numbness, and weakness to the hands due to pressure on the median nerve.

41
Q

Sprain

A

ligament is stretched or torn

42
Q

strain

A

muscle or a tendon is stretched or torn

Medical Terminology (11 decks)

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