Disease prevention and control Flashcards
Biosecurity
set of management and physical measures designed to reduce the risk of introduction, establishment and spread of animal diseases, infections or infestations to, from and within an animal population
chain of infection
the process by which an infectious agent leaves the reservoir or source via a portal of exit and the mode of transmission to reach the portal of entry of a susceptible host
disease control
the reduction of the morbidity and mortality from disease
Primary disease prevention
prevent initial development of disease
secondary disease prevention
the early detection of exiting disease to reduce the impact of the disease
tertiary disease prevention
measure taken to reduce the impact of disease
Endemic
the predictable level of occurrence of disease infection, antibody , etc.
Epidemic
an occurrence of disease in excess of its anticipated frequency
Eradication
the elimination of a pathogenic agent from a country or zone
Fomites
inanimate communicators of infection
incidence
the number of new cases of a disease that occur in a population at risk in a particular geographical area within a defined time interval
incubation period
the longest period the elapses between the introduction of the pathogenic agent into the animal and the occurrence of the first clinical signs of the disease
infectious agent
produces infection or disease
infestation
the external invasion or colonization of animals or their immediate surroundings by arthropods which may cause clinical signs or are potential vectors of agenst
international trast
importation, exportation and transit of commodities
notifiable disease
a disease listed by the veterinary authority and that as soon as detected or suspected, should be Brought to the attention of its authority
Stamping out policy
A policy designed to eliminate an outbreak by carrying out under the authority of the veterinary authority
transboundary animal diseases
those diseases that are out of significant economic, trade and or food security importance for a considerable number of countries; which can easily spread to other countries and reach epidemic proportions; and where control including exclusion requires cooperation between several countries
vector
an insect or any living carrier that transports an infectious agent from an infected individual to a susceptible individual or its food or immediate surroundings
zoonosis
an infection shared in nature by humansand other vertebrates; also used to refer to a disease that normally exists in non-human animals but that can infect humans
