Bacteria Zoonotic Diseases

Question 1

Brucellosis

Answer 1

Infectious agent: Brucella abortus, B. melitensis, B. suis, B. canis
Animals associated with human infections: Cattle, sheep/goats, swine, dogs
Route of transmission: Shed in birth/abortion tissues & fluids. Transmitted by ingestion of contaminated milk, contact with infectedd animals and abortion/birth products, inhalation
Major symptoms: Non-specific febrile illness

Question 2

Campylobacteriosis

Answer 2

Infectious agent: campylobacter jejune, C. fetus, C. coli
Animals associated: poultry, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, dogs, cats, turtles
Routes of transmission: shed in feces and transmission by fecal-oral route: ingestion of contaminated food, dirty hands placed in mouth
Symptoms: most common food borne illness in the USA. Diarrhea, fever, complication

Question 3

Leptospirosis

Answer 3

Infectious agent: Leptospira species
Animals associated: cattle, dogs, rodents
Route of transmission: shed in urine and transmitted by contact with urine, inhalation, ingestion of contaminated water, exposure to contaminated environment
Symptoms: Febrile illness, head ache, hemorrhages, affects multiple organs

Question 4

Lyme disease

Answer 4

Infectious agent: Borrelia burgdorferi
Animals associated: wildlife reservoir especially rodents and ticks
routes of transmission: tick bite, tick must attach for 36-48 hours for transmission to occur
Symptoms: Bulls eye rash, fever, malaise, head ache, lymphadenopathy, fatigue, arthritis

Question 5

Salmonellosis

Answer 5

Infectious species: Salmonella species
Animals associated: poultry, reptiles, amphibians, cattle, goats, horses, rodents, hedgehogs
Route of transmission: shed in feces and transmitted by fecal-oral route: ingestion of contaminated food,, water, direct contact with infected animals and contaminated environment
Symptoms: Gastro-enteritis, severe disease in young, elderly, and immunocompromised people

Question 6

STEC infection

Answer 6

Infectious species: shiva-toxin producing E. coli
Animals associated: cattle, goats, sheep
Routes of transmission: shed in feces and transmitted by fecal-oral route: ingestion of contaminated food, direct contact with infected animals
Symptoms: gastroenteritis, severe disease: hemolytic uremic syndrome

Question 7

Tuberculosis

Answer 7

Infectious disease: mycobacterium bovis
Animals associated: cattle
Route of transmission: shed in respiratory secretions, milk & transmitted by inhalation, consumption of contaminated milk or dairy products
Symptoms: signs depend on route of infection, respiratory signs, severed disease in immunocompromised people

Question 8

Q fever

Answer 8

Infectious agent: Coxiella Burnetii
Animals associated: mostly goats and sheep, also cattle
routes of transmission: shed in birth, abortion tissues and fluids milk. Transmitted by inhalation, consuming contaminated milk or dairy products
Symptoms: febrile influenza-like illness, pneumonia