Disease, drugs alcohol, infection

Question 1

What does carbon monoxide do to red blood cells?

Answer 1

Binds with the haemoglobin in red blood cells, reducing their capacity to carry oxygen

Question 2

What is Emphysema?

Answer 2

Destruction of the air sacs (alveoli) for gas exchange

Question 3

What in a cigarette causes lung cancer?

Answer 3

Tar

Question 4

How do stimulants affect reaction times?

Answer 4

They speed up neurotransmitters passing through the synapse, faster reaction time

Question 5

what is excess blood glucose converted into?

Answer 5

Glycogen in the liver

Question 6

What are the 4 types of drug?

Answer 6

Hallucinogens
Depressants
Pain killers
Stimulants

Question 7

What does each drug do to the synapse?

Answer 7

Hallucinogens - sends the wrong message through the synapse
Pain killers- blocks the neurotransmitters from passing through
Stimulants- speeds up the neurotransmitters passing through
Depressants- slows the neurotransmitters passing through

Question 8

Define the term drug

Answer 8

A chemical substance that has an effect on the body/ nervous system / brain

Question 9

Athletes foot is a pathogen, how is it spread?

Answer 9

Through direct contact with it

Question 10

State a type of medication that can be used to treat athletes foot

Answer 10

Anti fungal

Question 11

Explain how chemical defence mechanisms in the body reduce the chance of infection.

Answer 11

Lysozyme (Enzyme) found in tears and saliva break down bacteria cell walls.
Hydrochloric acid breaks down bacteria in the stomach

Question 12

State the effects of nitrates on plant growth.

Answer 12

Plant growth is increased due to protein made

Question 13

Explain why alcohol is classed as a depressant.

Answer 13

Slows reaction times by slowing the neurotransmitters across the synapse.
Slows down the activity of brain and nervous system

Question 14

Describe a long-term effect of alcohol abuse.

Answer 14

Damage to organs such as liver, kidneys
Can lead to cancer
Addiction

Question 15

State symptoms of cystic fibrosis

Answer 15

Build up of mucus in the lungs causes chest infections, increased coughing and shortness of breath and wheezing.

Question 16

State symptoms of sickle cell disease

Answer 16

Fatigue
Shortness of breath
Palpitations 
Swelling of hands and feet
Blocked blood vessels

Question 17

State symptoms of cystic fibrosis

Answer 17

Build up of mucus in the lungs causes chest infections, increased coughing and shortness of breath and wheezing. Weight loss due to the blocking of enzymes.

Question 18

State symptoms of sickle cell disease

Answer 18

Fatigue
Shortness of breath
Palpitations 
Swelling of hands and feet
Blocked blood vessels

Question 19

Explain why a person with cystic fibrosis (CF) may lose body mass.

Answer 19

Mucus blocks small intestine wall, preventing enzymes from being released into small intestine.
Less absorption
Less digestion of food

Question 20

What are the 3 barriers to prevent illnesses?

Answer 20

1: Physical barriers; hair, skin, chemical - HCl and enzymes in tears and saliva
2: White blood cells engulf microbes
3. White blood cells release antibodies to kill them

Question 21

Why are viruses not classed as living?

Answer 21

They need a host in order to live