Disease Adnexa and Nasolacrimal Flashcards
What nerves innervate the eyelid?
Sensory - trigeminal
Motor - facial and oculomotor
What is the function of the eyelid?
Protect the eye (blinking)
Entrap or remove FB
Distribute Tears
Produce Glandular Secretions
Where id the nictitating membrane and how does it work?
T shaped cartilage, passive movement over eye when bulb pushed in
What are all the types of conjunctive?
Palpebral, Bulbar, Fonix, Nictitans
What is Entropion?
Inversion of the eyelid margin - hair contact and can cause ulceration and keratitis
What are clinical signs of entropion?
Epiphora, blepharospasm, conjunctivitis, keratitis, corneal ulcer
How do you treat entropion?
Temporary eyelid tack
Treat underlying disease
Hotz-celsus
What things can occur to cause eyelid laceration?
Blunt trauma
Direct contact with sharp object
Ripping of eyelid
How do you treat an eyelid laceration?
Standing sedation
Block
Clean with dilute betadine
minimal debridement
primary closure in 2 layers: tarsoconjunctival and musculocutaneous
Give them protective mask
Antibiotic
NSAID
Systemic antibiotic if needed
How soon do you need to treat an eyelid laceration?
8-12 hours
What is the key to an eyelid surgery?
Need to appose perfectly
What can improper eyelid laceration repair lead to?
Corneal ulceration or keratitis
What are clinical signs of facial paresis?
Ptosis, cant blink, ear droop, nose deviation, flaccid lip
What causes facial paresis?
Trauma, inflammation inner ear, fracture
How do you treat facial paresis?
Topical lubrication, manage ulcer, temporary tarsorrhaphy and manage underling condition.
What does it mean for your prognosis if a horse still has paresis after 3-4 week?
Not good for resolving - may need permanent eyelid closure
What is conjunctivitis and what are signs?
Inflammation of palpebral and or bulbar conjunctiva
Hyperemia, chemosis, ocular discharge
What can cause conjunctivits?
Secondary common
-eosinophilic, allergic, bacterial, virus, fungus, parasitic
How do you diagnose conjuctivits?
Cytology and culture
What is the most common neoplasm in horses that appear in young horses (QH, appaoose and arabian) that rarely metastis but recurrence is common?
Sarcoid
What is the treatment for sarcoid?
Surgical excision with chemo or immunotherapy
What is the most common neoplasm of the eye and ocular adnexa?
SSC
What 3 structures does SSC effect?
Third eyelid, limbus and eyelid
How does SCC effect a horse and who is predisposed?
Locally invasive and metasitze
-Draft, appaloosa, paint and color dilute
