Discrete Trial Instruction Flashcards
Discrete trials
A small highly structured unit of instruction consisting of a short instruction, a response from a learner, and feedback tied to the response
Discrete trial instruction
A highly structured intervention based on specific and individualized goals, composed of many discrete trials and commonly used in ABA intervention for children with autism
Early Intensive Behavior Intervention, or EIBI
An intensive program consisting of discrete trials and other ABA-based strategies delivered for up to 40 hours a week
Operant conditioning
A process where individuals learn to behave in ways to get reinforcers and avoid punishers
Discriminative stimulus
Instruction in a discrete trial; exerts control over behavior because the behavior was reliably reinforced in the presence of that stimulus in the past
Response
What an individual does after a discriminative stimulus; a behavior that occurs when certain conditions are present
Consequence
An event that occurs after a response that increases it in the future if it is a reinforcer or decreases it in the future if it is a punisher; in a discrete trial it is a reinforcer or a corrective prompt
Prompt
A type of assistance that increases the chances a learner will provide a correct response
Motivating operation
Variables that affect the value of a reinforcer to a learner
Inter-trial interval
The time between the end of one discrete trial and the beginning of the next one; the time is best spent with the client engaging with the reinforcer and the RBT entering data on the previous trial
Prompt fading
Reducing or removing prompts given with an SD to allow the client to respond correctly and independently
Session momentum
Rapid pace of discrete trial delivery
Least to most prompting
A system that gradually increases the intrusiveness of prompts necessary to get a client to give a correct response
Errorless learning
An approach to DTI based on the idea that learning will be more efficient if the time between an SD and a correct response is as short as possible; when an instructor prompts a correct response from a learner before they have a chance to select an incorrect one and then provides reinforcement for correct responding
Preference assessment
Procedures used to determine which items are preferred by the learner in order to determine which are likely to work as positive reinforcers
Skill acquisition plans
Individualized plans for learners that provide goals and the procedures necessary to teach the skills associated with each goal
Massed trials
A form of a discrete trial intervention where the same target is presented over and over again
Random rotation of trials
A form of discrete trial intervention mixing previously mastered trials along with the newly introduced trials
Mand
A verbal operant that is a request
Tact
A verbal operant that is a label or comment
Intraverbal
A verbal operant that is a response to a verbal stimulus
Echoic
A verbal operant that is present when a person repeats what another person says
Probe
A trial or trials to test whether or not a client can respond independently to an SD
Fluency
The combination of accuracy plus speed
Stimulus generalization
When a response that was previously conditioned by one stimulus can be evoked by a different stimulus
Stimulus fading
Gradually decreasing the intensity of a physical dimension of a stimulus that controls a response
Naturalistic intervention
Principles of ABA applied to the daily routines or activities of a client to improve skills or decrease problem behaviors
