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Introduction to Radiologic Sciences > Discovery of X-Rays > Flashcards

Discovery of X-Rays Flashcards

1
Q

Birthdate of Roentgen

A

March 27, 1845

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2
Q

Birthplace of Roentgen

A

Remscheid-Lennep, Geemany

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3
Q

Father of Roentgen

A

Friedrich Conrad

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4
Q

Mother of Roentgen

A

Constance Charlotte Frowein

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5
Q

Roentgen was an _______ of Friedrich and Charlotte

A

Only child

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6
Q

Wife of Roentgen

A

Anna Bertha Ludwig, a waitress of a local inn Zum Grunen Glas that caught Roentgen’s eyes

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7
Q

Birthdate of Anna Bertha Ludwig

A

April 22, 1839

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8
Q

Place where did Anna Bertha Ludwig caught Roentgen’s eyes

A

A local inn Zum Grunen Glas

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9
Q

When did Roentgen ask for Bertha’s hand in marriage?

A

August 6, 1868

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10
Q

When was Bertha and Wilhem married?

A

January 19, 1872

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11
Q

On ________, Roentgen returned to _________ as a professor of __________ and director of the new Physical Institute at the ____________.

A

October 1, 1888
Wurzburg
Physics
University of Wuzburg

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12
Q
  • On ___________ Roentgen discovered ________ while working in his modest labratory at the university.
  • When he shielded the tube plate of ________, he notoced that there was a presence of _________ in which he can visualize his _______ bone structure.
A

November 8, 1895
X-rays
Platinocyanide
Glow
Bone structure

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13
Q

Whar did roentgen do

A
  1. Roentgen selected the Hittorf-Crookes tube
  2. Encased it in cardboad
    3 connected it onto his Ruhmkorff coil
  3. Darkened the room
  4. Activated the coil so as to oass the current through the tube
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14
Q

Roentgen discovered that by placing his hand between the tube and a piece of cardboard coates wigh harium plantinocyde, he could actually vusualize the bones of his hand, thus demonstrating the ___________.

A

primitive fluoroscopic screen

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15
Q

On _________, Roentgen submitted a report entitled ________ also known as _________ in german to the ___________.

A

December 28, 1985
“On the New Kind of Rays”
Eine Neue Art Von Strahlen
Wurzburg Physico-Medical Society

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16
Q

Roentgen tried another experiment in which he conviced his wife to place her hand on a _____________ loaded with a ___________ upon which directed the ___________ from the tupe for approximately ____________.

A

Cassette
Photographic plate
X-rays
15 minutes

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17
Q

Roentgen recived the first ________ in Physics in ______ in ________.

A

Nobel Prize
1901
Stockholm

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18
Q

Roentgen became a member of the ______________

A

Physical Society of Stockholm

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19
Q

The ___________ asked Roentgen to take the chair of physics and become the director of the Physical Science Institute at ____________

A

Bavarian government
Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Germany

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20
Q

The date Bertha died in her 80th year due to a serious kidney disease

A

October 31, 1919

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21
Q

In early ______, Roentgen was diagnosed with _________

A

1923
Terminal colon cancer

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22
Q

On _________ Roentgen passed awat and was cremated ______ days later

A

February 10, 1923
Three

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23
Q

Roentgen willed some of the equipment he ised to the famous _________ in Munich

A

Deutsches Museum

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24
Q

___________ was not studied back then so the couole died fue to severe effects of _________ to their body

A

Radiobiology
Radiation

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25
Q

Attempted to ecplain the nature of rays to the citizens in the United States

A

Thomas Alva Edison

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26
Q

What happenee after the news of x-rays spread rapidly throughout the world

A

Jokes and cartoons were printed as well as ludicrous advertisemenrs appearing in newspapers thag capitalizes on the use of x-rays for profit

27
Q

what country passed a law against opera glasses with x-ray vision?

A

England

28
Q

some wealthy people purchased ______ for their homes to entertain guests by imaging their __________ with the _________

A

x-ray units
skeletons
fluoroscope

29
Q

What did department stores and fairs start offering after the news on x-rays spread?

A

bone portraits

30
Q
  • took notice and questioned th3 effects of x-rays
  • complained that his eyes were sore and red after working with a fluorescent tube
A

Thomas Edison

31
Q
  • also called flourescent screen
  • instrument consisting of a sureface containing chemicals called phosphors that glow when struck by x-rays or gamma rays
  • used to transform images made up of invisible radiation to visible light
A

Fluoroscope

32
Q

What happened when reports began to emerge in both Europe and United states on tge effect of x-rays?

A

Serious efforts were made to protect those who worked with x-rays and those who would be exposed to them

33
Q

It is thought that the first known radiograph in the United statea was made on __________ by ____________, a professor at ____________

A

January 2, 1896
Michael Idvorsky Pupin
Columbia University

34
Q

_____________’s production of a __________ was though to have occured approximately ____________ after Roentgen discovered x-rays

A

Michael Idvorsky Pupin
Radiograph
2 weeks

35
Q
  • started his experiments with the roentgen rays
  • performed a large number of expermiments and discovered tge use of calcium tungstate
A

Thomas edison

36
Q

Fluorescent materials for radiologic imaging, intensifying screen that produce glow

A

Calcium Tungstate (CaWo)

37
Q

Edison also became interested in trying to develop a tube on which energy could be transformed into light rather than x-rays but stopped all his research in __________, which invovled the extensive use of radiation after one of his assistants, ___________, sufdered severe radiation damage

A

Fluroscopy
Clarence Madison Dally

38
Q

Advance experimentation of roentgen rays resulted in the discovery of __________, the property of certain elements to emit rays or subatomic particles spontaneously from matter

A

Radioactivity

39
Q

Three of the most prominent people credited with the discovery of radioactivty who were jointly awarded the nobel prize for physics in 1903

A

Pierre Curie
Marie Curie
Henri Becquerel

40
Q

Spontaneous radiation activity

A

Radioactivity

41
Q

Father of Radioactivity

A

Henri Becquerel

42
Q

Noticed that radiym killed diseased cells , which was the fiest suggestion of the medical utility of radioactivity

A

Pierre Curie

43
Q

What year did Marie Curie receive a Nobel Prize for her work in cancer? What was the title of her work?

A

1911
Radium kills disease cells (cancer)

44
Q
  • refined the knowledge of radioactivity and purified radium metal
  • received a noble prize for her work in cancer: Radium kills disease cells (cancer) in 1911
  • became acquainted with albert Einstein
  • halted research due to WW1
  • developed approximately 20 mobile radiographic units and 200 installations for the army
  • trained French soldiers and gave x-ray classes to American soldiers
A

Marie Curie

45
Q

The US army established the _____________ at _____________ in _________.

A

Army School of Roentgenology
University of Tennessee at Memphis
1942

46
Q

The army continued to train ______ personnel at _________ in Memphis and trained more than _______

A

X-ray
Joh Gaston Hospital
900 enlisted technicians

47
Q

The branch of radiology using radioactive materials for medical diagnosis and treatment

A

Nuclear Radiology

48
Q

Year of discovery of Nuclear Medicine

A

1896

49
Q

year of nuclear medicine Tracers and therapeutics

A

1922-today

50
Q

year of nuclear medicine instrumentation development

A

1947-today

51
Q

year of nuclear medicine clinical application

A

1972-today

52
Q

year artificial radioactivity was discovered

A

1934

53
Q

Who invented the cyclotron and when?

A

Ernest Lawrence
1932

54
Q

what is the chamber that made it possible to accelerate particles to high speeds for use as projectiles

A

cyclotron

55
Q

who made a significant breakthrough when he induced a successful chain reaction in a uranium pile at the University of Chicago in 1942?

A

Enrico Fermi

56
Q

when and where were atomic devices first detonated experimentally?

A

in 1945 at White Sands, New Mexico.

57
Q

when were atomic devices introduced as bombs? Where were they dropped?

A

1945 Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan

58
Q

man-made fibers with the unique characteristic of allowing light to curve

A

fiber optics

59
Q

capable of resolving structures smaller than the human eye can see

A

films

60
Q

Improvements in ______ and _________ have made them more durable and have provided a tighter closure that allows better screen-film contact

A

cassettes
film holders

61
Q

are five to six times those of previous screens, making it possible to
decrease exposure factors

A

intensifying screen speeds

62
Q

routinely produce radiographs in 90 seconds; 60- and 45 second machines are also available

A

Film processors

63
Q

is applied in most of the imaging performed in radiology today. This includes diagnostic ultrasonography, nuclear medicine, magnetic resonance and digital fluoroscopy, and radiography.

A

Digital imaging

64
Q

when and who started production of radionuclides for medicine related use?

A

in 1946 by oak ridge national laboratory

Introduction to Radiologic Sciences (7 decks)

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