Discourse analysis + AI Flashcards
Discourse
sequence of connected utterances
Narrative
Narrative = type of discourse
Two or more events that have a temporal connection (time or sequential) and logical connection
OCERC
Narrative structure
- Orientation - who, what, when where, sets scene for the hearer
- Complication - then what happened? Series of events that make up the story
- Evaluation - so what? Speakers attitude to the story, giving it significance
- Resolution - what finally happened? Result of the narrated event/s
- Coda - what does that mean to us? Returns the perspective to the present moment
REDL
Narrative cohesion
Requires tactics to establish relationships between parts of the narrative
–> reduce cognitive burden
- reference
- ellipsis
- discourse conjunction
- lexical cohesion
Reference
participants/circumstance is introduced at one place in narrative then serves as a referent point
- refers backs to it
- example - pronoun ‘it’ to refer to noun, 3rd person pronouns for people names (he,she, him, them)
- demonstratives - these, those, this, that
Ellipsis
the omission of certain constituents that are grammatically required
- recoverable from context
- eg. pronoun as a noun phrase - ‘they hit the fence. didn’t break it though.’
- eg. verb phrase recoverable - ‘get ice cream’ ‘we couldve []’
Discourse conjunction
formal markers relates a sentence to a previous sentence
- temporarily in time
- or logically with cause and effect relationship
- and, anyway, then, now, but
lexical cohesion
repeating when not necessary
- same word or semantically similar word
- ‘walked to the phone and the phone rang.’
Labov
Reportable event
= one which justifies the automatic reassignment of speaker role to the narrator
- justify the speaker continuing to speak
AI, large language models
The distributional hypothesis
- Computers can learn about (say) colours by looking at
where they occur in text (their distribution)
LLMs
- arranged like a series of layers and each layer adds information to the words in the input
