Disaster Management / Disease Outbreak Flashcards
disaster
emergency of such severity it cannot be managed effectively with routine resources / procedures
natural disasters
-earthquakes
-tornadoes
-floods
-wildfires
-blizzard
man-made disasters
-blast explosion
-chemical exposure
-radiation exposure
-bioterrorism
healthy people 2030 goal…
improve emergency preparedness by building community resilience
-increase blood donation
-increase parents / guardian evacuation plan
-increase adults tho know how to evacuate in natural disaster
-increase adults who have emergency plan
directly impacted
experience event firsthand
include survivors and deceased
indirectly impacted
relatives and friends of individuals directly impacted
primary prevention planning
anything in place before an actual event
-fire drill
-tornado drills
-evacuation sign
-house structures
-blood donation
secondary prevention
first responders - screen before hospital
tertiary prevention
having oxygen
insulin
chronic condition meds
**ppl leaving home with critical meds
preparedness
defining the precise role of public health providers during various disaster events
**improve individual and community reaction / response so effects are minimized
prevention (mitigation)
occurs during the pre-impact phase but also during and after the event as evaluation
**primary, secondary, tertiary methods play role
pre-impact
prevention actions that improve infrastructure of a community
ex: hurricane = having blood levees, flood zones, evacuation route, building codes
during impact
priority is identify affected population / environment and adjust plan to fit the needs
dister communication
central to disaster planning
-TV, radio, social media
-Emergency alert system
-consistent messages
-what has occurred, what is being done, when / why it happened, reoccurrence
response
may begin before actual impact of event with predicted weather events
emergency medical personnel priority….
- identify extent of illness and injury
- communicate gravity of situation
- begin victim treatment
recovery
begins as soon as the event ends
focus on stabilizing community
purpose - minimize long term effects of the disaster
**mental health
**children have regressive behaviors
disaster epidemiological surveillance
prevent or decrease mortality and morbidity associated with acute / noncommunicable illness associated with disaster
diarrheal disease
leading cause of death among children < 5 yrs
transmission is - waterborne, foodborne, through person to person
emerging disease
one that has appeared in population for first time or existed previously but rapidly growing
reemerging disease
malaria
TB
bacterial pneumonia
key components in transmission…
- agent
- host
- environment
passive immunity
transferred from person to person
natural
artificial
active immunity
exposure to the agent
outbreak investigation
conducting systemic investigation into sudden increase in a disease
**want to put measures into place to halt disease spread
communicability is based….
on transmission of the agent from one person to another
breaking communicable disease…
- prevention
- immunization
- surveillance
- outbreak investigation
controlling communicable disease
- change the environment
- inactivate the agent
- increase host resistance
noncommunicable disease risk
nutrition
physical activity
tobacco use
alcohol use
**#1 cause of death and disability
nocommunicable disease
disease and injuries at individual level / societal level / economic cost
