Disaster Flashcards
Who determines threat level?
department of homeland security
mass casualty incidents
any incident that causes a large incident of casualties to the extent that resources become scarce
who provides resources for mass casualty incidents
department of homeland security-federal
office of emergency management-state & local (coordinates intragency relief)
What is federally mandated
incident command system
what is used by local police, personalized by hospital & coordinated by a person?
hospital incident command system
What does the incident command center do
coordinates supplies, is the center of operations, coordinates personnel, supplies, is responsible for identifying hazardous substances & appropriate use of PPE, responsible for determining when mci has ended
Threat levels
imminent-severe, activate ics
elevated-increased security & screening
sunset provision-specific threats with an expiration date instead of continuous alert
How do you mitigate risks
must preplan & consider scenarios ex-tornado shelter
activation response r/t eop
the eop activation response of a health care facility defines where, how and when the response is initiated
after action report
critiques all parties involved both immediately and at a later date
What information is on a disaster tag
numbered and includes triage priority, name, address, age, location, description of injury, meds/treatment given.The tag is placed on person and the number & name is placed in a log.
demobilization response
deactivation of the response so that resources are not exhausted
immediate/what color/priority number
1/red/injuries are life threatening but survivable
examples of immediate
sucking chest wound, airway obstruction r/t mechanical cause, shock, hemothorax, incomplete amputations, tension pneumothorax, open fractures of long bones, 2nd & 3rd degree burns of 15-40% of total body area
Delayed/what color/priority number
2/yellow/injuries are significant and require care but can wait hours
examples of delayed
stable abdominal wounds without evidence of significant hemorrage, soft tissue injuries, maxillofacial wounds w/o airway compromise, vascular injuries w/ adequate circulation, genitourinary tract disruption, fractures requiring open reduction, debridement, external fixation, most eye and cns injuries
minimal/what color/priority number
3/green/injuries are minor & can be delayed hours or days. This group should be moved away from general area. Walking wounded
examples of minimal
upper extremity fractures, minor burns, sprains, small lacerations w/o significant bleeding, behavioral disorders & psychological disturbances
expectant/what color/priority
4/black/injuries are extensive and survival is unlikely. Should be moved away from general area & comfort care should be given.
examples of expectant
unresponsive, penetrating head wounds, burns in excess of 60%, seizures/vomiting after radiation exposure,profound shock, no pulse etc
PPE/level A
highest level of respiratory, skin, eye, and mucous membrane protection is required. Includes a self-contained breathing apparatus, fully encapsulating suit, chemical resistant gloves & boots
PPE/level B
highest level of respiratory protection but lesser level of skin & eye protection that A. Includes scba but not vapor tight clothes
PPE/level C
requires air-purified respirator w filters. Chemical resistant coverall w/splash hood, chem resistant gloves & boots
PPE/level D
typical work uniform
weapon of terror
anything used to cause injuries to large group of people
blast inury
pg 2161 may result from terrorism but can also be anything like an industrial accident
Smallpox incubation
12 days
most likely to be weaponized
anthrax
incubation of anthrax
1 to 6 days
inhaled anthrax can incubate how long
up to 60 days so harder to recognize
treatment for anthrax
antibiotics w/i 24 hrs of exposure
nerve agents & s/s
serin & soman/increased secretions, gi motility, diarrhea, bronchospasm
treatment of nerve agents
soap & water, supportive, benzos, pralidoxime, atropine
blood agent & s/s
cyanide/tachypnea, coma, tachycardia, seizures
treatment for blood agents
sodium nitrate, sodium thiocyanate, amyl nitrate, hyroxocubalamin
vesicant agents & s/s
lewisite, sulfur mustard,phosgene,blistering agents/burns w/vesicles
treatment for vesicants
soap & water, do not blot
pulmonary agents & s/s
phosgene, chlorine/pulmonary edema, bronchospasm
treatment for pulmonary agents
airway, ventilation, bronchoscopy
radiation
2168
acute radiation syndrome
dose rather than source determines whether it develops
