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BIO 170 > Directional Terms/Body Cavities/Organ System Functions > Flashcards

Directional Terms/Body Cavities/Organ System Functions Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Manual

A

Hand

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2
Q

Skeletal System

A

Provides support, protects tissues, stores minerals, forms blood cells

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3
Q

Muscular System

A

Produces movement, provides support, generates heat

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4
Q

Facial

A

Face

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5
Q

Gluteal

A

Buttock

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6
Q

Umbilical

A

Navel

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7
Q

Acromial

A

Shoulder

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8
Q

Sagittal Plane

A

Separates right and left portions.

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9
Q

Pedal

A

Foot

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10
Q

Distal

A

Away from the point of attachment of a limb to the trunk

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11
Q

Antecubital

A

Front of elbow

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12
Q

Frontal

A

Forehead

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13
Q

Sural

A

Calf

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14
Q

Pollex

A

Thumb

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15
Q

Endocrine System

A

Directs long term changes in other organ systems

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16
Q

Olecranal

A

Back of elbow

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17
Q

Digestive System

A

Produces food and absorbs nutrients (carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water)

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18
Q

Femoral

A

Thigh

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19
Q

Patellar

A

Kneecap

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20
Q

Reproductive System

A

Produces sex cells and hormones, supports embryonic development from fertilization to birth (female)

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21
Q

Spinal

A

Vertebral

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22
Q

Caudal

A

Toward the tail (coccyx)

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23
Q

Ventral

A

The belly side

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24
Q

Mammary

A

Breast

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25
Q

Integumentary System

A

Protects against environmental hazards, helps control body temperature

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26
Q

Orbital

A

Eye

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27
Q

Cranial

A

Skull

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28
Q

Cross section

A

A cut in the transverse (horizontal) plane

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29
Q

Abdominal

A

Abdomen

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30
Q

Crural

A

Leg

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31
Q

Lumbar

A

Loin

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32
Q

Midsagittal section

A

Passes through the midline. It separates the body into equal right and left sides.

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33
Q

Antebracial

A

Forearm

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34
Q

Posterior

A

The back surface

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35
Q

Respiratory System

A

Delivers air to sites where gas exchange occurs between the air and circulating blood, produces sound

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36
Q

Cervical

A

Neck

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37
Q

Urinary System

A

Eliminates excess water, salts, and wastes, controls pH

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38
Q

Parasagittal section

A

Misses the midline. It separates the body into unequal right and left sides.

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39
Q

Transverse plane

A

(Horizontal plane) Separates superior and inferior portions of the body

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40
Q

Cardiovascular System

A

Transports cells and dissolved materials in the bloodstream, including nutrients, wastes, and gases

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41
Q

Calcaneal

A

Heel of foot

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42
Q

Anterior

A

The front surface

43
Q

Mental

A

Chin

44
Q

Hallux

A

Great toe

45
Q

Dorsal

A

Back

46
Q

Pubic

A

Pubis

47
Q

Otic

A

Ear

48
Q

Buccal

A

Cheek

49
Q

Pelvic

A

Pelvis

50
Q

Frontal plane

A

Separates anterior and posterior portions of the body.

51
Q

Lymphatic System

A

Defends against infection and disease, returns tissue fluid to the bloodstream

52
Q

Medial

A

Toward the midline

53
Q

Digits (phalanges)

A

Fingers

54
Q

Nervous System

A

Directs immediate responses to stimuli, usually by coordinating the activities of other organ systems

55
Q

Tarsal

A

Ankle

56
Q

Popliteal

A

Back of knee

57
Q

Proximal

A

Toward the point of attachment of a limb to the trunk

58
Q

Deep

A

Toward the interior of the body; farther from the surface

59
Q

Trunk

A

Thoracic, mammary, abdominal, umbilical, pelvic

60
Q

Cephalic

A

Head: cranial and facial

61
Q

Ocular

A

Eye

62
Q

Coronal plane

A

Separates anterior and posterior portions of the body, coronal usually refers to sections passing through the skull.

63
Q

Superficial

A

At, near, or relatively close to the body surface

64
Q

Oral

A

Mouth

65
Q

Carpal

A

Wrist

66
Q

Thoracic

A

Thorax/chest

67
Q

Inguinal

A

Groin

68
Q

Inferior

A

Below; at a lower level; toward the feet

69
Q

Nasal

A

Nose

70
Q

Dorsal

A

The back

71
Q

Axillary

A

Armpit

72
Q

Brachial

A

Arm

73
Q

Superior

A

Above; at a higher level (in the human body, toward the head)

74
Q

Digits (phalanges)

A

Toes

75
Q

Plantar

A

Sole of foot

76
Q

Cranial or Cephalic

A

Toward the head

77
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline

78
Q

Palmar

A

Palm

79
Q

Horizontal plane

A

(Transverse) separates superior and inferior portions of the body.

80
Q

Viscera

A

Internal organs that are partially or completely enclosed.

81
Q

Pericardial cavity

A

The fluid filled space between the outer and inner layers of the serous pericardium.

82
Q

Pericardium

A

Surrounds the heart

83
Q

Serous membrane

A

Covers the viscera and lines the true body cavities of the trunk. Secretes a watery fluid that reduces friction and keeps the surfaces moist.

84
Q

Diaphragm

A

A muscular sheet that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity.

85
Q

Pleural cavity

A

Holds each lung

86
Q

Pleura

A

Lines the pleural cavity. Is a shiny, slippery serous membrane

87
Q

Mediastinum

A

A mass of connective tissue that separates the two pleural cavities and stabilizes the positions of embedded organs and blood vessels.

88
Q

Peritoneal cavity

A

A chamber lined by a serous membrane known as the peritoneum.

89
Q

Peritoneum

A

The serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity

90
Q

Retroperitoneal

A

Organs that lie between the peritoneal lining and the muscular wall of the abdominal cavity. (Kidneys and pancreas)

91
Q

Infraperitoneal

A

Organs such as the urinary bladder and the distal portions of the ureters and large intestine, which extend inferior to the peritoneal cavity, are said to be this.

92
Q

Coxal

A

Hip

93
Q

Fibular

A

Side of the leg

94
Q

Peroneal

A

Side of the leg

95
Q

Manus

A

Hand

96
Q

Dorsum

A

Back

97
Q

Occipital

A

Posterior aspect of the head or base of the skull

98
Q

Perineal

A

Region between the anus and external genitalia

99
Q

Sacral

A

Region between the hips (overlying the sacrum)

100
Q

Scapular

A

Shoulder blade area

101
Q

Synovial Cavity

A

Joint cavities

102
Q

Appendicular

A

Arms/legs

103
Q

Axial

A

Head/neck/trunk

BIO 170 (9 decks)

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