Bones Flashcards
Skeleton
The body’s framework
Axial skeleton
The bones that lie around the body’s center of gravity
Appendicular skeleton
Bones of the limbs or appendages
Articular cartilage
Cover the bone ends at moveable joints
Costal cartilage
Connect the ribs to the sternum (breastbone)
Laryngeal cartilage
Largely construct the larynx (voice box)
Tracheal cartilages
Reinforce other passageways of the respiratory system
Bronchial cartilages
Reinforce other passageways of the respiratory system
Nasal cartilages
Support the external nose
Intervertebral discs
Separate and cushion the vertebrae
Tuberosity
Large rounded projection; may be roughened
Projects that are sites of muscle and ligament attachment
Crest
Narrow ridge of bone; usually prominent
Projects that are sites of muscle and ligament attachment
Trochanter
Very large, blunt, irregularly shaped process (the only examples are on the femur)
Projects that are sites of muscle and ligament attachment
Line
Narrow ridge of bone; less prominent than a crest
Projects that are sites of muscle and ligament attachment
Tubercle
Small rounded projection or process
Projects that are sites of muscle and ligament attachment
Epicondyle
Raised area on or above a condyle
Projects that are sites of muscle and ligament attachment
Spine
Sharp, slender, often pointed projection
Projects that are sites of muscle and ligament attachment
Process
Any bony prominence
Projects that are sites of muscle and ligament attachment
Head
Bony expansion carried on a narrow neck
Projections that help form joints
Facet
Smooth, nearly flat articulate surface
Projections that help form joints
Condyle
Rounded articular projection
Projections that help form joints
Ramus
Armlike bar of bone
Projections that help form joints
Groove
Furrow
Depressions and openings for passage of blood vessels and nerves
Fissure
Narrow, slitlike opening
Depressions and openings for passage of blood vessels and nerves
Foramen
Round or oval opening through a bone
Depressions and openings for passage of blood vessels and nerves
Notch
Indentation at the edge of a structure
Depressions and openings for passage of blood vessels and nerves
Meatus
Canal-like passageway
Sinus
Bone cavity, filled with air and lined with mucous membrane
Fossa
Shallow basinlike depression in a bone, often serving as an articular surface
Hyaline Cartilage
Provides sturdy support with some flexibility. Most skeletal cartilage are composed of hyaline cartilage.
Elastic cartilage
Much more flexible than hyaline cartilage and it tolerates repeated bending.
Only the cartilages of the external ear and the epiglottis are elastic cartilage.
Fibrocartilage
Consists of rows of chondrocytes alternating with rows of thick collagen fibers.
- Has great tensile strength and can withstand heavy compression.
Is used to construct the intervertebral discs and cartilages within the knee joint.
