Directional Complement

Question 1

1. Simple Directional Complement

Answer 1

Structure：Verb + 来/去：
上来、下来、进来、出来、过来、回来、起来
上去、下去、进去、出去、过去、回去、—-

Question 2

2. Compound Directional Complement

Answer 2

Verb（走、跑、拿、放……）+上来、下来、进来、出来、过来、回来、起来, 上去、下去、进去、出去、过去、回去、—-

A. If an object denotes a location, it must be put before 来 or 去.
√上课了，老师走进教室来。

B. If an object does not denote a location, but a thing, it may be put either
before or after 来 or 去.
√他从书架上拿下来一本书。
√他从书架上拿下一本书来。

Question 3

3.动词+上，看上去

Answer 3

Verb + 上
（1）The action begins and continues
刚来到北京，我就喜欢上这里了。
（2）A person or thing comes up with the action from a low place to a high
one.
两个小时以后，他们爬上了山顶。
（3）The action gathers up the two parts of an object.
请关上窗户。
（4）The action causes a thing exist in some place.
请在本子上写上你的名字。
（5）The subject achieved the aim.
弟弟考上了大学。

Question 4

4. The extended usage of 下去 and 下来

Answer 4

（1）Verb + 下去：
action or statement that has begun or existed will continue to proceed or exist.
虽然汉语很难，但是我要学下去。

（2）Verb + 下来
action or statement has been
going on or existing from the past the present.
今天是我第一次跑10000米，我很累，但是我跑下来了。

Question 5

5. The extended usage of 起来

Answer 5

To indicate that the action or state begins and will continue.
他说话以后，同学们都笑了起来。