Direct Osteopathic Tecniques Flashcards

1
Q

How do restrictive barriers relate toward restrictive barriers?

A

Direct techniques take the joint/muscle toward the restrictive barrier

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2
Q

What are soft tissue techniques?

A
  • Stretching
  • Kneading/cross fiber stretching
  • Deep pressure
  • Effleurage, Petrissage, and tapotement
  • Stroking of tissues
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3
Q

What are contraindications of soft tissue techniques?

A

Relative:

  • Severe osteoporosis
  • Acutely injured muscles/tendons/ligaments

Absolute:

  • Fracture/dislocation
  • Serious vascular compromise
  • Opened sounds and localized infections
  • Localized malignancies
  • Severe bleeding disorders
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4
Q

Describe Direct Myofascial Release techniques.

A

A restrictive barrier is identified in the myofascial tissue and is engaged with a loaded, constant, directional force until the tissue releases and motion is restored.

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5
Q

What are activating forces for DMFR?

A
  • Inherent tendency toward homeostasis
  • Respiratory force
  • Physician guided force
  • Springing/vibration
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6
Q

Describe direct articulately techniques.

A
  • Clinician repetitively takes the part of the body being treated directly to restrictive barrier in order to improve physiological ROM
  • ex. Low velocity - High amplitude
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7
Q

What are indications for articulatory techniques?

A
  • Postoperative pts
  • Elderly patients - osteoarthritis
  • When more invasive techniques are contraindicated
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8
Q

Describe direct muscle energy techniques.

A

The patients muscles are actively used on request, from a precisely controlled position, in a Specific direction, and against a distinctively executed physician counterforce

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9
Q

What are indications for muscle energy techniques.

A
  • Relax hypertonic muscles

- Treat joint restrictions

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10
Q

What type of contraction is used in ME techniques?

A

Isometric contraction

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11
Q

What must be done at the end of a ME treatment?

A

After the final cycle, you must approach the barrier one last time prior to coming out of treatment position.

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12
Q

What are the 3 theories related to neurophysiological concepts of muscle energy techniques?

A
  1. Post-isometric relaxation theory: Refractory period of muscle occurs and muscle cannot fire allowing further unopposed stretch
  2. Golgi tendon organ inhibitory effects theory: Muscle contraction Golgi tendon threshold is reached. GTO is Activated Nd inhibits motor neuron activity
  3. Muscle fatigue theory: Isometic contraction produced several times over fatigues muscle which is holding joint out of place.
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13
Q

What are contraindications to DME techniques?

A
  • individual is unwilling
  • Internal bleeding
  • Post-surgical patient
  • Pt initially following MI
  • Areas of acute injury
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14
Q

Define Direct high velocity Low amplitude techniques.

A

Osteopathic technique employing a rapid, therapeutic force of brewing duration that travels a short distance within an anatomical range of motions of a joint and engages the restrictive barrier in one or more planes of motion to elicit release of restriction

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15
Q

What is the purpose of HVLA?

A

To correct Joint restriction/somatic dysfunction

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16
Q

What are steps in HVLA?

A
  1. Bring Joint to barrier - reverse for diagnosis
  2. Position carefully/fine tune
  3. Use relaxation/distract or technique
  4. Apply thrust in a specific direction without letting off barrier
17
Q

What is the mechanism of action of HVLA?

A
  • Gapping of Joint sautés Release of NO

- Gapping will cause a sudden muscle stretch reflex

18
Q

What are indications and contraindications of HVLA?

A
  • Careful with patients of Osteoporosis and atherosclerosis

- Acute injures