Diphtheriae

Question 1

corynebacterium morphology

Answer 1

pleomorphic gram positive rods

Question 2

corynebacterium metabolism

Answer 2

aerobes

Question 3

two classes of corynebacterium

Answer 3

diphtheriae and diphtheriods (all others)

Question 4

corynebacterium transmission

Answer 4

aerosolized drop;ets

Question 5

diphtheria isnt common in US anymore. Why?

Answer 5

successful vaccination

Question 6

corynebacterium incubation

Answer 6

2-5 days

Question 7

corynebacterium diphtheriae symptoms

Answer 7

fever, cough, sore throat

grey pseudomembrane forms on the back of the throat

bull neck

rarely: skin infection, stomach or lung
no: systemic infections

Question 8

diphtheria toxin

Answer 8

causes systemic symptoms

lethal to eukaryotic cells

targets: heart, kidney, nervous system

blocks protein synthesis

Question 9

corynebacterium diagnosis

Answer 9

done by identifying toxin

culture is difficult b/c must be grown on specialized medium (tellurite agar)

Question 10

corynebacterium treatment

Answer 10

antitoxin neutralizes it- must be ordered from CDC

pt contacts treated w/ penicillin and reimmunized

Question 11

corynebacterium vaccine

Answer 11

toxoid of DTX

DTaP

Question 12

legionella morphology

Answer 12

gram negative rod

Question 13

what other creatures can host legionella

Answer 13

ameboe

Question 14

legionella symptoms

Answer 14

atypical pneumonia- not localized to a lobe

most probably go undiagnosed

can cause systemic disase- “pontiac fever”

Question 15

legionella transmission

Answer 15

airborne- water cooling

not person to person

Question 16

what cells does legionella infect?

Answer 16

macrophages- causes apoptosis or necrosis

has type 4 secretion system

Question 17

legionella diagnositic tests

Answer 17

fastidious- agar w/ charcoal, iron, cysteine

direct Ab test in sputum- need to compare in two samples across weeks

Question 18

mycoplasma morpholgy

Answer 18

smallest bacteria known

pleomorphy- no cell wall

no gram reactive

Question 19

what gives mycoplasma its shape

Answer 19

lipoproteins in membrane form a protenaceous layer around it

also has cholesterol in membrane

Question 20

what season is mycoplasma most common in?

Answer 20

summer

also has cycles every 4-8 year cycles

Question 21

what does mycoplasma cause?

Answer 21

atypical pneumonia-

causes it in everyone

rarely: CNS, arthritis, autoimmune

Question 22

how many serotypes of mycoplasma are there?

Answer 22

just 1 but doesnt give lifelong protection

Question 23

mycoplasma transmission

Answer 23

respiratory droplets

Question 24

P1 adhesins

Answer 24

binds glycoproteins for adhesion.

Question 25

mycoplasma pathogenesis

Answer 25

binds using P1 adhesin, produces ROSs that cause damge and inflammation prior immune responses can cause severe illness

Question 26

mycoplasma diagnosis

Answer 26

PCR cold agglutination test

Question 27

mycoplasma treatment

Answer 27

erythromycin, tetracyclin