Digestive Track

Question 1

Retroperitoneal - 3 organs

Answer 1

Organs located behind the peritoneum, lining of the abdominal cavity

Kidney - pancreas except the tail - aorta (major blood vessel

Question 2

Lesser omentum

Answer 2

Acts like a bridge between stomach and liver.

Connects to the first part of the small intestine (duodenum) to the liver.

Question 3

Coeliak trunk - delivers oxygenated blood to 7 organs

Answer 3

Delivers oxygenated blood to the upper part of the digestive track -

Stomach, liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, duodenum, esophagus

Question 4

Superior mesenteric artery - 3 parts of the digestive track

Answer 4

Oxygenated Blood supply to

Small intestine - large intestine - pancreas

Question 5

Inferior mesenteric artery - 3 parts of the digestive track lower

Answer 5

Supply

Traverse colon, sigmoid colon, rectum

Question 6

Local reflex mediated by

Answer 6

Enteric nervous system

Regulates peristalsis ensuring digestion and absorption of nutrients

Question 7

Small intestine

Answer 7

Microvilli and villi increase surface

Brush border enzymes breakdown nutrients

Nutrients are absorbed in blood capillaries

Question 8

Carbs metabolism

Answer 8

Glycogenesis - converte glucose to glycogen

Glucogenolysis - breakdown glycogen into glucose

Gluconegenisis - produces glucose from amino acids during fasting - also converts amino acids and triglycerides into ketones

Question 9

Liver

Answer 9

converte ammonia a protein by product into urea.

Filter blood through kupffer cells

Question 10

Exocrine glands

Answer 10

Salivary glands secreting digestive system

Question 11

Endocrine glands

Answer 11

Pancreas realeasing the hormone insulin into the bloodstream

Question 12

How Monosaccharides are absorbed?

Answer 12

Glucose - frutose and galactose

Are absorbed through the intestinal lining
(Via the small intestine) and then enter the bloodstream

Question 13

Gastric juice

Answer 13

Primary function is to denature proteins and activate pepsinogen into pepsin

Question 14

Intrinsic factor

Answer 14

Is secreted by the stomach
Absorbs vitamin B12 in the small intestine

Question 15

Amylase

Answer 15

Carbo digestion

Question 16

Pepsin

Answer 16

Protein digestion

Question 17

How lipids are absorbed in the small intestine?

Answer 17

As monoglycerids and free fatty acids into intestinal cells

Question 18

Hepatic plates

Answer 18

Rows of the liver cells that perform detoxification nutrient processing and bile production

Question 19

Liver lobules - central vein

Answer 19

Collect blood from lobules and transport to hepatic veins

Question 20

Hepatic sinusoids - liver lobules

Answer 20

Blood filled spaces - hepatic artery + portal vein mixes. Allow nutrient and waste exchange between blood and hepatocytes

Question 21

What are the enzymes involved in digestion of triglycerides?

Answer 21

Bile and pancreatic lipase