Digestive system quiz Flashcards
What is elimination?
The expulsion of undigested food or body wastes
What is mastication?
The process of chewing
What is chyme?
A creamy, fluid mixture of food and gastric juices
What is digestion?
A process in which the body breaks down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into substances that you cells can absorb and use
What are the 11 parts of the digestive system?
Stomach, small intestine, large intestine, gallbladder, pancreas, esophagus, mouth, liver, pharynx, anus, and rectum
What is another name for an intestine?
Colon
How long is the small intestine?
23 feet
How long is the large intestine?
5 feet
Why is the small intestine called “small” when it is longer than the large intestine?
The large intestine is thicker than the small intestine
The 11 parts of the digestive system make up the…
Alimentary canal
What is the alimentary canal?
A tubelike passage that is 30ft in length
Where does the alimentary canal start and end?
Mouth to anus
The mouth contains how many salivary glands?
3 glands
What is amylase?
A digestive enzyme which helps break down complex carbs and starches
What is enzyme?
A protein that increases the rate of chemical activities in the body
What in your mouth help break down food?
Teeth, tongue, and saliva
How many permanent teeth are there?
32
What are incisors?
Your front teeth that bite and cut food
What do cuspids teeth do?
Rip and tear food
What are the three nicknames for your cuspid teeth?
Canines, fangs, and eye teeth
What do bicuspids teeth do?
Crush food
Bicuspids are known as?
Premolars
What are molars?
Your back teeth that grind teeth
What is the pharynx?
A short muscular tube that serves as an opening to both digestive and respiratory systems
What is an esophagus?
A tube that is 12 inches in length that transports food to the stomach by way of peristalsis
What is peristalsis?
Wave-like contractions that relax and contract muscles to keep food moving toward the stomach
The entrance to the stomach is controlled by a ring shaped muscle called a..?
Sphincter
What is a sphincter?
A muscle that controls the movement of food from one part of the Alimentary canal to the other
The what is lined with muscle layers and looks like a boxing glove?
Stomach
The muscle layers in the stomach contract and relax and do what to food?
Squeeze and churn
Muscles churn and squeeze food that goes into?
A thick soup called chyme
What does peristalsis do?
Moves small amounts of chyme out of the stomach and into the small intestine
How many hours does it take peristalsis to move chyme?
1 to 2
The stomach contains glands that produce…?
Hydrochloric acid and pepsin
What does hydrochloric acid do?
Dissolves minerals
What does pepsin do?
Breaks down proteins
Sphincters are located?
Upper part of the stomach, lower part of the stomach, the anus, and one in the urinary bladder
The first ten inches of the small intestine is called the…?
Duodenium
The duodenium is where?
Most chemical digestion takes place
What is bile?
A yellow green bitter fluid important in the breakdown and absorption of fats
