Digestive system Flashcards
What are the main organs in the digestive system?
Mouth, Osophagus, Stomach, Small intestine, Large intestine, Rectum, Anus
What does the mouth do?
The mouth mechanically breaks down food using enzymes in saliva
What does the osophagus do?
Transports food to the stomach from the mouth
What does the stomach do?
Mixes the food with hydrochloric acid, bile and more enzymes
What does the small intestine do?
The nutrients in the food is absorbed
What does the large intestine do?
The water in the food is absorbed
What does the rectum do?
The waste is stored until it is released
What does the anus do?
Releases the waste out of the body
What are enzymes?
Long chains of amino acids that break down food without rising the body’s temperature
What do amylase, lipase and protease break down
Amylase: Starch
Lipase: Lipids(fats)
Protease: Protein
What is the active site of an enzyme?
The part of an enzyme where the reaction occurs
What is a substrate?
The molecule that the enzyme breaks down
What does it mean when an enzyme denatures?
The active site of the enzyme no longer fits the substrate and it won’t work anymore
What is used to test for protein and what colour does it go?
Sodium hydroxide and copper sulfate and it goes purple
What is used to test for sugar and what colour does it go?
Benedicts solution and it goes red, orange or green
What is used to test for lipids(fats) and what happens to it?
Sudan III stain and it goes to the top if there is lipid
What is used to test for starch and what colour does it go?
Iodine and it goes black
