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Biology > Cell division > Flashcards

Cell division Flashcards

1
Q

What is mitosis?

A

The process where cells divide to made two identical daughter cells

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2
Q

What is a haploid cell?

A

A cell with half the amount of chromosones

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3
Q

What is a diploid cell?

A

A cell with the full amount of chromosones

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4
Q

What are spindle fibres?

A

Things that pull apart the chromosones

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5
Q

What is a centromere?

A

The center of a chromosones

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6
Q

What is a chromatid?

A

Half a chromosone

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7
Q

What are the steps of mitosis?

A
  1. The chromosones double
  2. The chromosones line up in the center of the cell
  3. Spindle fibres pull apart the chromosones into chromatids
  4. Chromatids move to their side of the cell
  5. The two cells split apart
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8
Q

What are the steps of meiosis?

A
  1. The chromosones double to 92
  2. Chromosones line up in the center of the cell
  3. Spindle fibres pull apart the chromosones
  4. The two cells split up
  5. Spindle fibres pull apart the chromosones
  6. The cells split to form four different daughter cells
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9
Q

How many stages of divisions are there in mitosis and meiosis?

A

Mitosis: 1
Meiosis: 2

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10
Q

How many chromosones are there in each cell at the end in mitosis and meiosis?

A

Mitosis: 46
Meiosis: 23

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11
Q

How many cells are produced in mitosis and meiosis?

A

Mitosis: 2
Meiosis: 4

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12
Q

Where does mitosis and meiosis take place?

A

Mitosis: Everywhere except the ovaries and testes
Meiosis: The ovaries and testes

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13
Q

How genetically are the daughter cells in mitosis and meiosis?

A

Mitosis: Identical
Meiosis: Different

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14
Q

How do bacteria reproduce?

A

Binary fission

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15
Q

What are the steps of binary fission?

A
  1. Circular DNA and plasmid(s) replicate
  2. The cell expands and the DNA move to the poles (end) of the cell
  3. The cytoplasm starts to divide and the new cells walls begin to form
  4. The cytoplasm divides and each daughter cell is genetically identical
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16
Q

What are the disadvantages of binary fission?

A

The cells are the same and can be wiped out by something such as antibiotics

17
Q

What is sexual reproduction?

A

Reproduction where there is two parents

18
Q

What is asexual reproduction?

A

Reproduction where there is one parent

19
Q

What is bacterial conjugation?

A

The process where a bacteria resistant to anti-biotics share their resistant genes with other bacteria.

Biology (16 decks)

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