Cell division Flashcards
What is mitosis?
The process where cells divide to made two identical daughter cells
What is a haploid cell?
A cell with half the amount of chromosones
What is a diploid cell?
A cell with the full amount of chromosones
What are spindle fibres?
Things that pull apart the chromosones
What is a centromere?
The center of a chromosones
What is a chromatid?
Half a chromosone
What are the steps of mitosis?
- The chromosones double
- The chromosones line up in the center of the cell
- Spindle fibres pull apart the chromosones into chromatids
- Chromatids move to their side of the cell
- The two cells split apart
What are the steps of meiosis?
- The chromosones double to 92
- Chromosones line up in the center of the cell
- Spindle fibres pull apart the chromosones
- The two cells split up
- Spindle fibres pull apart the chromosones
- The cells split to form four different daughter cells
How many stages of divisions are there in mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis: 1
Meiosis: 2
How many chromosones are there in each cell at the end in mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis: 46
Meiosis: 23
How many cells are produced in mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis: 2
Meiosis: 4
Where does mitosis and meiosis take place?
Mitosis: Everywhere except the ovaries and testes
Meiosis: The ovaries and testes
How genetically are the daughter cells in mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis: Identical
Meiosis: Different
How do bacteria reproduce?
Binary fission
What are the steps of binary fission?
- Circular DNA and plasmid(s) replicate
- The cell expands and the DNA move to the poles (end) of the cell
- The cytoplasm starts to divide and the new cells walls begin to form
- The cytoplasm divides and each daughter cell is genetically identical