Digestive System

Question 1

What is ingestion?

Answer 1

The process of taking food into the mouth

Question 2

What is digestion?

Answer 2

Food is broken down into soluble molecules that can enter the blood stream

Question 3

What is absorption?

Answer 3

The process where the digested food enters the blood stream

Question 4

What is assimilation?

Answer 4

The process happening in all cells that use up the digested food molecules

Question 5

What is egestion?

Answer 5

The removal of waist materials and indigestible parts of food that we eat

Question 6

What are the 2 types of digestion called?

Answer 6

Mechanical digestion and chemical digestion

Question 7

What is food broken down by?

Answer 7

Enzymes

Question 8

What are the 3 main enzymes?

Answer 8

Amylase, protease and lipase

Question 9

What happens in the mouth?

Answer 9

Food is mechanically digested by teeth and food is mixed with saliva which lubricates food for swallowing

Question 10

What is the oesophagus?

Answer 10

The tube that food is pushed along from the mouth to the stomach

Question 11

What is the process called that pushes food along the oesophagus from the mouth to the stomach?

Answer 11

Peristalsis

Question 12

What is the stomach ?

Answer 12

A large muscular bag that is able to expand when large amounts of food enter it

Question 13

How long does food stay in the stomach for?

Answer 13

About 4 hours

Question 14

What is hydrochloric acid?

Answer 14

The acid found In your stomach that is responsible for killing bacteria in our food

Question 15

What is the longest part of the digestive system?

Answer 15

The small intestine

Question 16

What is the duodenum?

Answer 16

The upper part of the small intestine

Question 17

What is an emulsion?

Answer 17

Tiny droplets of fat in water

Question 18

Most of the food we eat is made up of what?

Answer 18

Large insoluble molecules

Question 19

What is mechanical digestion?

Answer 19

Food is broken by the teeth and tongue in the mouth and churned in the stomach by muscular movements

Question 20

What is chemical digestion?

Answer 20

Food is broken down by enzymes into very small and soluble pieces

Question 21

What releases Hydrochloric acid?

Answer 21

Glands in the stomach wall

Question 22

Where is bile made and stored?

Answer 22

It is made in the liver and stored in the gall bladder

Question 23

What does the pancreas produce?

Answer 23

Pancreatic juice

Question 24

Where is digestion completed?

Answer 24

The ileum

Question 25

What is the small intestine’s surface area?

Answer 25

About 300m2

Question 26

What adaptations does the small intestines have which help to carry out absorption?

Answer 26

The lining is very thin, usually only one cell thick, which allows the easy passage of the soluble digested food across it and into the blood

Question 27

What is excretion?

Answer 27

Not egestion! Gets rid of waste materials produced inside cells?

Question 28

Name one mineral and one vitamin which should be present in the diet of a young child to encourage the healthy growth of teeth:

Answer 28

Mineral - Calcium

Vitamin - D

Question 29

What happens to food in the stomach?

Answer 29

Glands release Hydrochloric acid which kills germs and provides the correct pH for digestion. Food is digested in the small intestine, liver and pancreas.