Digestive System Flashcards
Name the parts of the digestive system (12)
Oral cavity Salivary gland Esophagus stomach small intestinal large intestine Rectum anus pancreas liver gallbladder bile duct
Salivary gland
•Releases saliva which contains water mucus and amylase (an enzyme)
Esophagus
•carries food from throat to stomach
Stomach
- Physically digests food when muscles contract
* Chemical digestion occurs to
Small intestine
- Mainly chemical digestions with enzymes and bile
* nutrients produced by digestion are absorbed in the bloodstream by absorption
Large intestine
- Absorbs H2O into bloodstream from indigestible food
- produces vitamins
- food is now waste in this intestine
Rectum
•Stores waste
Anus
•Controls exit of waste using muscles
Pancreas
- Produces enzymes for digestion in small intestine
- produces hormone insulin which lowers blood sugar
- produces hormone glucagon that raises the blood sugar
Liver
- Stores/releases glucose
* produces bile which helps digest fats (stored in gallbladder)
Gallbladder
•Stores bile made in liver releases it into small intestine
Bile duct
•Transfers bile from gallbladder to small intestine
Name the organs in the digestive tract (6) and accessory organs in the digestive system (3)
Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestinal, large intestine, anus
Pancreas, liver, gallbladder
Name the enzymes and their functions (4)
- pepsin breaks protein and amino acids
- hydrochloric acid helps with chemical digestion
- lipase breaks fats into glycerol and fatty acids
- amylase breaks starch into maltose (2 glucose)
What is colitis
- occurs when the epithelial tissue lining the colon becomes inflamed and stops working correctly
- Usually cause by viruses, bacteria, etc.
