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digestive system Flashcards

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1
Q

My auditory and photo receptors are responsible for….

A

taking in sounds and sights to send to my sensory neurons

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2
Q

How are the cerebrum and the cerebellum different?

A

The cerebrum is the main part of the brain and controls memory, language, thought, processes touch and visual information. The cerebellum coordinates voluntary muscle movement, regulates balance & posture, and stores information about repetitive movements

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3
Q

The brain and spinal cord make up the Central Nervous System - how are they different?

A

Brain - receives information, processes it, and sends out a response

Spinal Cord - sends information back and forth between the brain and body parts

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4
Q

Give an example of the somatic & autonomic nervous system

A

Somatic - Picking up a pencil, stirring soup

Autonomic - Heart beating, digestive system, breathing

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5
Q

This intestine is responsible for nutrient absorption while this intestine is responsible for water absorption

A

Nutrient Absorption - Small Intestine

Water Absorption - Large Intestine

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6
Q

Enzymes

A

help speed up chemical reactions in our bodies

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7
Q

When I swallow, muscle contractions move food down my esophagus called…

A

Peristalsis

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8
Q

Give an example of mechanical and chemical digestion

A

mechanical-chewing swaoloing

chemical- the acid in your stomack

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9
Q

Pancreas

A

I produce enzymes and insulin for the body

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10
Q

The Latin word for brain is

A

Cerebrum

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11
Q

In Greek, homeo (homeostasis) means…

A

SAME

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12
Q

What are the four parts of the digestive system & explain them!

A

Ingestion - Take in food or beverages

Digestion - breakdown food

Absorption - the body takes in nutrients from the food

Elimination - the body releases waste and nondigestible material

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13
Q

Partially Digested Food

A

Chyme

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14
Q

I heard a loud bang outside that caused me to jump - the change in my environment is called -

A

A Stimulus

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15
Q

I make the bile, and I store the bile

A

Liver, Gall bladder

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16
Q

The senses take in information from the environment which helps my body adjust so it can achieve…

A

Homeostasis

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17
Q

A ball is flying towards my head, and I involuntarily move out of the way this is…

A

A reflex

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18
Q

is produced when food is broken down and mixed with gastric juices

A

Chyme

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19
Q

Pancreas

A

makes enzymes to help breakdown foods, it also produces insulin

20
Q

After swallowing, my muscles contract called____which allows food to go down my____into my stomach

A

peristalsis

esophagus

21
Q

what makes bile

A

The Liver

22
Q

gall bladder

A

stores bile

23
Q

Enzymes

A

are proteins that help break down larger molecules into smaller molecules, and can also act as a catalyst for chemical reactions

24
Q

Elimination

A

Elimination is the removal of undigested food from the body

25
Q

ingestion

A

Ingestion is the act of eating or putting food into your mouth

26
Q

mouth

A

Mouth is where digestion starts in the body

27
Q

small intestine

A

In the small intestine absorption occurs and my body absorbs nutrients

28
Q

Give an example of chemical and mechanical digestion below:

A

Example of macanicle digestion: Chewing, peristalsis
Example of Chemical Digestionn: Stomach acid breaking down food, salivary glands breaking down food

29
Q

Why are senses important in maintaining homeostasis?

A

The body can react to the information from the environment to adjust to changes.

30
Q

Stimulus

A

What in the environment causes an organism to respond?

31
Q

Interneuron

A

Connect sensory and motor

32
Q

Sensory Neuron

A

Send information about the environment to the brain or spinal cord

33
Q

Motor Neuron

A

Send information from the brain or spinal cord to tissues & organs

34
Q

Which part of the brain is responsible for memory, language, and thought?

A

Cerebrum

35
Q

Which part of the brain controls balance, posture and voluntary movement of the muscles?

A

Cerebellum

36
Q

what do the Dendrite

A

receives information

37
Q

Cell body

A

processes information

38
Q

Axon

A

sends information towards synapse

39
Q

what is the Central nervous system

A

the system made up of the brain and spinal cord

40
Q
A
41
Q

The Peripheral Nervous System has two parts: Give an example below of something the autonomic nervous system controls and something that the somatic nervous system controls:

A

Example of Autonomic: Your heart beating or digestive system
Example of Somatic: Picking up a book

42
Q

What is responsible for the communication between two neuron cells?

A

Synapse

43
Q

If Harper eats a slice of banana bread, explain the process her digestive system takes and ends. Include where it starts and at least one example of chemical and mechanical digestion. (Be sure to use the words ingestion, digestion, absorption and elimination in your response).

A

Harper eat banana bread she begin ingestion. Digestion start in her mouth through mechanical (chewing) digestion and chemical digestion when the salivary glands break down food. Then her food travels through the esophagus through peristalsis into the stomach where it combines with stomach acid to make chyme. The chyme then moves into the small intestine where it mixes with bile from the gall bladder and enzymes from the pancreas, while the body goes through absorption of the nutrients from the food. In the large intestine, peristalsis continues to move the food through the body as the body absorbs water. Then the products that cannot be digested will be removed from the body during elimination, where the anus releases the body’s waste.

44
Q
A
45
Q

Describe the difference between a voluntary reaction and involuntary reflex? Give an example of each and explain how reflexes are protective. Click here for help.

A

A voluntary reaction is when I open a jar and choose to use my muscles to open it. A reflex is something my body does involuntarily, typically for my own protection. For example, if I touch something very hot, like a stove, I may pull my hand back involuntarily so I do not get burned. Reflexes are protective, because they force our bodies to take actions to protect the body from things that can harm it.

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