digestive system Flashcards
My auditory and photo receptors are responsible for….
taking in sounds and sights to send to my sensory neurons
How are the cerebrum and the cerebellum different?
The cerebrum is the main part of the brain and controls memory, language, thought, processes touch and visual information. The cerebellum coordinates voluntary muscle movement, regulates balance & posture, and stores information about repetitive movements
The brain and spinal cord make up the Central Nervous System - how are they different?
Brain - receives information, processes it, and sends out a response
Spinal Cord - sends information back and forth between the brain and body parts
Give an example of the somatic & autonomic nervous system
Somatic - Picking up a pencil, stirring soup
Autonomic - Heart beating, digestive system, breathing
This intestine is responsible for nutrient absorption while this intestine is responsible for water absorption
Nutrient Absorption - Small Intestine
Water Absorption - Large Intestine
Enzymes
help speed up chemical reactions in our bodies
When I swallow, muscle contractions move food down my esophagus called…
Peristalsis
Give an example of mechanical and chemical digestion
mechanical-chewing swaoloing
chemical- the acid in your stomack
Pancreas
I produce enzymes and insulin for the body
The Latin word for brain is
Cerebrum
In Greek, homeo (homeostasis) means…
SAME
What are the four parts of the digestive system & explain them!
Ingestion - Take in food or beverages
Digestion - breakdown food
Absorption - the body takes in nutrients from the food
Elimination - the body releases waste and nondigestible material
Partially Digested Food
Chyme
I heard a loud bang outside that caused me to jump - the change in my environment is called -
A Stimulus
I make the bile, and I store the bile
Liver, Gall bladder
The senses take in information from the environment which helps my body adjust so it can achieve…
Homeostasis
A ball is flying towards my head, and I involuntarily move out of the way this is…
A reflex
is produced when food is broken down and mixed with gastric juices
Chyme
Pancreas
makes enzymes to help breakdown foods, it also produces insulin
After swallowing, my muscles contract called____which allows food to go down my____into my stomach
peristalsis
esophagus
what makes bile
The Liver
gall bladder
stores bile
Enzymes
are proteins that help break down larger molecules into smaller molecules, and can also act as a catalyst for chemical reactions
Elimination
Elimination is the removal of undigested food from the body
ingestion
Ingestion is the act of eating or putting food into your mouth
mouth
Mouth is where digestion starts in the body
small intestine
In the small intestine absorption occurs and my body absorbs nutrients
Give an example of chemical and mechanical digestion below:
Example of macanicle digestion: Chewing, peristalsis
Example of Chemical Digestionn: Stomach acid breaking down food, salivary glands breaking down food
Why are senses important in maintaining homeostasis?
The body can react to the information from the environment to adjust to changes.
Stimulus
What in the environment causes an organism to respond?
Interneuron
Connect sensory and motor
Sensory Neuron
Send information about the environment to the brain or spinal cord
Motor Neuron
Send information from the brain or spinal cord to tissues & organs
Which part of the brain is responsible for memory, language, and thought?
Cerebrum
Which part of the brain controls balance, posture and voluntary movement of the muscles?
Cerebellum
what do the Dendrite
receives information
Cell body
processes information
Axon
sends information towards synapse
what is the Central nervous system
the system made up of the brain and spinal cord
The Peripheral Nervous System has two parts: Give an example below of something the autonomic nervous system controls and something that the somatic nervous system controls:
Example of Autonomic: Your heart beating or digestive system
Example of Somatic: Picking up a book
What is responsible for the communication between two neuron cells?
Synapse
If Harper eats a slice of banana bread, explain the process her digestive system takes and ends. Include where it starts and at least one example of chemical and mechanical digestion. (Be sure to use the words ingestion, digestion, absorption and elimination in your response).
Harper eat banana bread she begin ingestion. Digestion start in her mouth through mechanical (chewing) digestion and chemical digestion when the salivary glands break down food. Then her food travels through the esophagus through peristalsis into the stomach where it combines with stomach acid to make chyme. The chyme then moves into the small intestine where it mixes with bile from the gall bladder and enzymes from the pancreas, while the body goes through absorption of the nutrients from the food. In the large intestine, peristalsis continues to move the food through the body as the body absorbs water. Then the products that cannot be digested will be removed from the body during elimination, where the anus releases the body’s waste.
Describe the difference between a voluntary reaction and involuntary reflex? Give an example of each and explain how reflexes are protective. Click here for help.
A voluntary reaction is when I open a jar and choose to use my muscles to open it. A reflex is something my body does involuntarily, typically for my own protection. For example, if I touch something very hot, like a stove, I may pull my hand back involuntarily so I do not get burned. Reflexes are protective, because they force our bodies to take actions to protect the body from things that can harm it.
