Digestive System Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the digestive system do?

A

-breaks down food and turns into into energy like glucose
-ends with the elimination of waste

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2
Q

What is the Mouths role in the digestive system?

A

-Chewing breaks down food and turns it into bolus (food and saliva)

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3
Q

What is the Oesophagus’ role in the digestive system?

A
  • food is squeezed down from the mouth into the stomach by the oesophagus
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4
Q

What is the Stomachs role in the digestive system?

A

-HCL denatures proteins and converts personage into pepsin
-also lipase into lipids
-this results in mushy food called chyme

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5
Q

What is pepsin?

A

-Pepsin breaks down proteins
-in the stomach
-activated by HCL

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6
Q

What is lipase?

A

-breaks down lipids
-HCL denatures it
-Found in the small intestine

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7
Q

What is the Small Intestines role in the digestive system?

A

-duodenum receives chyme & releases chemicals that stimulate the release of bile

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8
Q

What is the Duodenum?

A

-The start of the small intestine

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9
Q

What is the Ileum?

A

-The last section of the small intestine

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10
Q

What is the Jejunum?

A

-The middle of the small intestine

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11
Q

What are villi?

A
  • Finger-like projections
  • found in the inner line of the small intestine
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12
Q

Villi role?

A

-help absorb nutrients by increasing surface area for absorption

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13
Q

What is the Large Intestines role in the digestive system?

A

-leftovers/ waste
-water is reabsorbed
-uses peristalsis

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14
Q

What is the Rectum and Anus’ role in the digestive system?

A
  • faeces are stored in the rectum
  • removed in the anus
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15
Q

What is peristalsis?

A
  • constriction and relaxation of muscles in the intestine
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16
Q

What are the accessory organs?

A

-Liver
-Pancreas

17
Q

What is the Livers role in the digestive system?

A

-produces bile which is stored in the gallbladder
-released by the duodenum

18
Q

What is bile?

A

-helps with digestion
-released by the duodenum into the small intestine
-breaks down fats

19
Q

What is the Pancreas’ role in the digestive system?

A

-secretes digestive enzymes into duodenum
-makes insulin which metabolises sugars