Digestive system Flashcards
What are the food groups? (7)
Proteins Carbohydrates Fats and oils Vitamins Minerals Fibre Water
What is the function of proteins?
They build and repair body cells and tissues.
What is the function of carbohydrates?
They are the main supply of energy for our body.
Name 4 functions of fats and oils?
Protect and insulates organs.
Help maintain healthy hair and nails.
Some vitamins can only be absorbed and transported when attached to fat molecules.
Provide the body with energy.
What’s the function of vitamins?
They help with the different chemical reactions in our bodies.
What does vitamin A help with?
Helps strengthen our immune system.
Good for eyesight in the dark.
What does Vitamin B help with?
Helps us process energy from food.
What does vitamin C help with?
Helps keep skin and gums healthy and improves the immune system.
What does vitamin D help with?
Helps build strong bones and teeth.
Why do we need to eat minerals?
Our bodies cannot produce minerals.
What is calcium needed for?
Strong bones and teeth.
What is iron needed for?
Healthy blood.
What is magnesium needed for?
Building strong bones, teeth and muscles.
What is sodium needed for?
Muscle and nerve function . Helps regulate the amount of water in the blood.
Where does fibre travel through?
The alimentary canal.
Can fibre be digested?
No.
Why do we need fibre?
Helps us have regular bowel movements and avoid constipation.
How much of our body is made up of water?
50%.
Why is water necessary?(3)
Helps our blood carry nutrients and waste around the body.
Helps the chemical reactions that occur in our cells.
Forms most of swear, salvia and tears.
What is digestion?
A variety of complex processes that turn the food that you eat into tiny molecules that can be absorbed and transported to the cells of the body.
What are the 2 types of digestion?
Mechanical and chemical digestion.
What is mechanical digestion?
Occurs when food is physically broken down through chewing, churning and mashing.
Where does mechanical digestion take place?
In your mouth and stomach.
What is chemical digestion?
Occurs when different digestive enzymes break down the bits of food into smaller molecules.
What are enzymes?
Special proteins that speed up certain chemical reactions in the body.
Where does chemical digestion take place?
Starts in the mouth where enzymes in your saliva start to break down starch. Chemical digestion also takes place in the stomach and small intestine.
What is the alimentary canal?
The long tube that leads from the mouth to the anus.
What is Ingestion?
When food enters the mouth capitulation.
What is digestion?
When complex food molecules are broken down into simpler molecules.
What is absorption?
When your broken down nutrients diffuse across the intestines wall into the blood.
What is egestion?
When solid waste exits through the anus.
