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Anatomy & Physiology > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

What is another name for the digestive system?

A

The gastrointestinal system

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2
Q

What does the digestive system do?

A

Extracts nutrients from food and excretes waste

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3
Q

What are the 5 stages of digestion?

A
  • Ingestion
  • Digestion
  • Absorption
  • Metabolism
  • Excretion
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4
Q

What is ingestion?

A

Taking food into the body via the mouth

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5
Q

What is digestion?

A

Breaking food down in the stomach and small intestine

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6
Q

What is absorption?

A

Nutrients passing into the blood through the small intestine

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7
Q

What is metabolism?

A

Where nutrients are converted into energy in the liver

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8
Q

What is excretion?

A

The body’s way of getting rid of waste

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9
Q

What are the accessory digestive glands?

A
  • Pancreas
  • Liver
  • Gallbladder
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10
Q

What is the role of the oral cavity?

A
  • To pick up food
  • To break food down
  • Lubricate food with saliva
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11
Q

How many teeth do dogs have?

A

44

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12
Q

How many teeth do cats have?

A

30

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13
Q

How many teeth do horses have?

A

Between 36 and 42 teeth depending on gender and age

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14
Q

How are teeth numbered?

A

The triadan system

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15
Q

What is the purpose of dental charts?

A

To document which teeth are present, absent or damaged

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16
Q

What are salivary glands?

A

Paired glands which produce saliva

17
Q

What do salivary ducts do?

A

Connects glands to the oral cavity

18
Q

What is the oesophagus?

A

A simple tube which carries food from the oral cavity to the stomach

19
Q

How long does it take for food to pass into the stomach?

A

15-30 seconds

20
Q

How does food move through the oesophagus?

A

Peristalsis

21
Q

What is the function of the stomach?

A

To breakdown and digest food

22
Q

What adaptations allow the stomach to stretch when full?

A

Folded walls

23
Q

What do cells within the stomach walls produce?

A

Mucous and acid

24
Q

Where does enzymatic digestion and absorption take place?

A

The small intestine

25
Q

What are the 3 parts of the small intestine?

A
  • Duodenum
  • Jejunum
  • Ileum
26
Q

What is inside the villus within the small intestine?

A
  • A network of blood capillaries

- A lacteal

27
Q

How are nutrients and water absorbed?

A
  • Diffusion

- Active transport

28
Q

What is absorbed by villi in the small intestine?

A

Breakdown products of digestion

29
Q

Via what structure do amino acids and simple sugars enter capillaries?

A

Hepatic portal vein

Anatomy & Physiology (6 decks)

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