Digestive Physiology Flashcards
The main digestive enzymes in saliva are:
a.
Proteases, which breakdown proteins
b.
Lipases, which break down fats
c.
Amylases, which breakdown starch
d.
Nucleases, which breaks down nucleic acids
(b) Lipases, which break down fats,
(c) Amylases, which breakdown starch
The muscle lining the alimentary tract is:
Select one or more:
Smooth muscle
Skeletal muscle
Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle
The valve which separates the esophagus from the stomach is called the
Select one or more:
Lower esophageal sphincter
Upper esophageal sphincter
Stomach sphincter
Pyloric sphincter
Lower esophageal sphincter
In the stomach, parietal cells secrete:
Select one or more:
Hydrogen ions (H+) and chloride ions (Cl-) which associate in the stomach to form hydrochloric acid (HCl)
Pepsinogens
Sulfur ions (S2-) and chloride ions (Cl-) which associate in the stomach to form Sulphuric acid acid (H2SO4)
Lipases
Hydrogen ions (H+) and chloride ions (Cl-) which associate in the stomach to form hydrochloric acid (HCl)
The valve which separates the stomach and the small intestine is called the:
Select one or more:
The pyloric sphincter
The stomach sphincter
Lower esophageal sphincter
Gastric sphincter
The pyloric sphincter
In the stomach gastric glands, the cells responsible for secreting pepsinogen (which is cleaved to form pepsin in the stomach) are called:
Select one or more:
G cells/Gastrin cells
Cheif cells
Parietal cells
Foveolar cells
Chief cells
The epithelium of the small intestine is lined with mucosal folds which increase absorptive surface area. These are called:
Select one or more:
Milli
Pilli
Villi
Lilli
Villi
Coprophagy is
a.
Is a key organ in the alimentary tract
b.
Is the process of absorbing SCFA’s
c.
The behaviour of consuming faeces in order to extract more nutrients
d.
Is common in carnivores
The behaviour of consuming faeces in order to extract more nutrients
in ruminants such as cows, the “true stomach” is called the:
Select one or more:
Omasum
Abomasum
Rumen
Reticulum
Abomasum
Which of the following are examples of hindgut fermenters:
Select one or more:
Cows, deers and giraffes
Humans, mice and cats
Snakes, turtles and alligators
Pigs, horses and rabbits
Pigs, horses and rabbits
Most ray finned fish (teleosts) are:
Select one or more:
Monogastric animals
Hind gut fermenters
Ruminants
Monogastric animals
Which is the following is NOT true:
Select one or more:
The small intestine is comprised of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum
The highest levels of VFA production and absorption takes place in the small intestine
Most of the nutrients are absorbed in the in the small intestine
The large intestine is shorter than the small intestine
The highest levels of VFA production and absorption takes place in the small intestine
Volatile fatty acids are:
Select one or more:
Are produced by microbes, and can make an important contribution to host energy requirements
The end products of protein catabolism
Are produced by colonocytes and can make an important contribution to microbial energy requirements
Are produced by microbes, and can make an important contribution to host energy requirements
Pancreatic juices and bile salts are secreted into the:
Select one or more:
Ileum
Colon
Duodenum
Jejunum
Duodenum
Which of the following is correct:
Bile salts reduce the pH in the stomach
Bile salts help to neutralize intestinal pH
Blie salts are secreted into the colon
Bile salts are not involved in lipid digestion
Bile salts help to emulsify fats
Blie salts are stored in the gall bladder
Blie salts are produced by the liver
Blie salts are produced by the liver,
Blie salts are stored in the gall bladder,
Bile salts help to neutralize intestinal pH ,
Bile salts help to emulsify fats
